吞噬作用。

T. Stossel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于吞噬细胞对微生物的识别和摄入在宿主防御中的作用以及吞噬功能紊乱的后果,可以通过以下相关研究得出初步结论:a)来自体外研究的识别和摄入知识,b)动物和人循环中颗粒物清除的调查,以及c)对反复化脓性感染易感患者中吞噬细胞行为的分析。缺乏主要的血清识别因子(免疫球蛋白和补体蛋白,它们将C3片段沉积在微生物上)会阻碍固定的单核吞噬细胞对毒性包裹病原体的最佳清除。在病理状态下(病毒、免疫复合物、镰状细胞性贫血和其他血红蛋白病中受损的红细胞),吞噬细胞与颗粒物质的对抗使它们无法完成清除被包裹微生物的正常任务。皮质类固醇以一种未知的机制损害吞噬能力。在这一领域取得进展的主要障碍是对吞噬作用的检测不充分,以及在完整生物体中测量吞噬作用的困难。(美国病理学杂志88:741-752,1977)
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Phagocytosis.
Tentative conclusions concerning the role of recognition and ingestion of microorganisms by phagocytes in host defense and the consequences of disorders of phagocytosis can be derived by correlating a) knowledge about recognition and ingestion derived from studies in vitro, b) investigations of the clearance of particulate matter from the circulation of animals and man, and c) analyses of the behavior of phagocytes in patients susceptible to recurrent pyogenic infections. Deficiency of the major serum recognition-conferring agents (immunoglobulins and complement proteins that deposit a fragment of C3 on microbes) prevents the optimal clearance of virulent encapsulated pathogens by fixed mononuclear phagocytes. Confrontation of phagocytes with particulate matter appearing in pathologic states (viruses, immune complexes, damaged ervthrocvtes in sickle cell anemia and other hemoglobinopathies) diverts them from their normal task of clearing opsonized encapsulated microorganisms. Corticosteroids impair the phagocytic capacity by an unknown mechanism. Major impediments to progress in this field are inadequate assays for phagocytosis and the difficulty in measuring phagocytosis in the intact organism. (Am J Pathol 88:741-752, 1977)
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