Comparison of apically extruded debris during canal shaping with single‑file systems

Aim: To assess the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal shaping using various nickel–titanium single-file systems. Methodology: Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human mandibular incisors were assigned randomly to six groups (n=12). The canals were instrumented with the following nickel-titanium single-file systems 25 diameter at the tip: WaveOne (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), WaveOne Gold (Dentsply Sirona Endodontics), Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany), OneShape (Micro-Mega, Besancon Cedex, France) and Hyflex EDM (Coltene/ Whaledent AG, Switzerland). Apically extruded debris during root canal shaping were collected into pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes stored in an incubator at 70 °C for five days. The weight of the dry extruded debris was established by subtracting the pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation weight of the Eppendorf tubes for each group. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: All the tested files were associated with apical extrusion of debris. There was no significant difference between examined files regarding the amount of debris extruded during canal shaping (P>0.05). Conclusions: Single-file tested systems produced debris extrusion, and the amount of debris was independent of the used instrumentation technique.