植入前性别选择后的选择性流产:印度尼西亚的伦理和法律问题

Pujiyono Pujiyono, Rani Tiyas Budiyanti
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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景:印度尼西亚新兴的性别选择技术是精子分选,而植入前遗传学诊断(PGD)方法的性别选择应用并不广泛。使用精子分选比PGD有更大的失败机会,从而潜在地引起伦理和法律问题,即在怀孕期间选择性流产。印度尼西亚法律允许不分医疗和非医疗原因进行性别选择,从而扩大了选择性堕胎的效力。由于性别选择失败而导致的选择性流产,目前尚无专门的政策加以规范。目的:本研究旨在找出适合印尼适用的胚胎着床前性别选择后选择性堕胎的法律概念。方法:本研究是运用分析方法、法律方法和概念方法的规范性研究。研究材料包括初级法律材料(印度尼西亚关于性别选择和堕胎的立法)、二级法律材料(法律期刊、法律书籍和法律诉讼)以及非法律材料(关于性别选择和堕胎的期刊、书籍和卫生诉讼)。结果:在印度尼西亚,一般来说,有医学指征的怀孕和强奸受害者是允许堕胎的。在印度尼西亚,通过法律途径,在植入前性别选择后,可以出于强有力的医疗理由实施选择性堕胎。而非医学原因导致的失败是不能流产的。这一规定与伦理、道德和宗教相悖。由于植入前性别选择失败,无论是医学原因还是非医学原因,都不应进行选择性流产。结论:胚胎着床前性别选择后的选择性流产,无论是医学原因还是非医学原因,都违背道德、伦理和宗教。如果胚胎植入前性别选择失败,印尼需要进一步规范选择性堕胎的政策。
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Selective Abortion After Preimplantation Sex Selection: An Ethical and Legal Issue in Indonesia
Background: The emerging of sex selection technology in Indonesia is sperm sorting, meanwhile sex selection with Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) methods is not widely used. The use of sperm sorting has bigger chance to fail than PGD, thus potentially cause ethical and legal problems that is selective abortion during pregnancy. The potency for selective abortion is enlarged by Indonesian law that permitting sex selection without distinction of medical and non-medical reasons. There is no special policy to regulate the selective abortion because of sex selection failure.  Aims: This study aims to find out the legal concept of selective abortion after preimplantation sex selection that appropriate to be applied in Indonesia.Methods: This research is normative research that use analytics method with legal approach and conceptual approach. The research material consists of primary legal material (legislation about sex selection and abortion in Indonesia), secondary legal materials (legal journals, law books, and legal proceedings), and also non-legal materials (journals, books, and health proceedings about sex selection and abortion).Results: In Indonesia meanwhile in general, abortion is permitted for pregnancy with medical indication and rape victim. Through a statue approach in Indonesia, selective abortion after preimplantation sex selection can be implemented for strong medical reasons. While the failure for non-medical reasons can’t be aborted. This regulation contrary with ethics, morals and religion. Selective abortion should not be done because of preimplantation sex selection failure either medical or non-medical reasons. Conclusion: Selective abortion after preimplantation sex selection both medical and non medical reason contrary with moral, ethical, and religion. Indonesia needs to regulate further policy about selective abortion if there is a failure of preimplantation sex selection.
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