采用SHS和热压相结合的方法制备了Hf-Si-Mo-B体系的异相陶瓷

Y. Pogozhev, M. Lemesheva, A. Potanin, S. Rupasov, V. Vershinnikov, E. Levashov
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摘要

采用高温自蔓延合成(SHS)和热压(HP)相结合的方法制备了基于铪和钼的硼化物和硅化物的异相粉末陶瓷和固结陶瓷。以氧化物为原料,采用镁-热还原法制备了复合陶瓷SHS粉末HfB2-HfSi2-MoSi2,燃烧波温度为1750 ~ 2119 K,质量燃烧速率为8.4 ~ 9.3 g/s。合成的SHS粉末结构由尺寸达10 μm的较大MoSi2晶粒和主要位于MoSi2晶粒内部的亚微米长形HfB2晶粒和圆形Si析出物组成。硼含量较低的组合物中含有大量尺寸小于10 μm的多面体HfSi2晶粒。所得粉体的平均粒径为~6 μm,最大粒径可达26 μm。HP法固结的陶瓷与SHS法合成的粉末相组成完全相同。致密样品的微观结构由尺寸为0,5 ~ 10,0 μm的多面HfB2拉长晶粒、8 ~ 10 μm的多面体HfSi2和MoSi2晶粒和硅中间层组成。固结陶瓷具有较高的结构和化学均匀性,残余孔隙率为1,1 - 1,7 %,硬度为11,7 - 12,6 GPa,导热系数为62-87 W/(m·K)。
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Heterophase ceramics in the Hf–Si–Mo–B system obtained by a combination of SHS and hot pressing methods
The paper focuses on obtaining heterophase powder ceramics and consolidated ceramics based on borides and silicides of hafnium and molybdenum by combining the methods of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and hot pressing (HP). Composite ceramic SHS powders HfB2–HfSi2–MoSi2 were obtained according to the scheme of magnesium-thermal reduction from oxide raw materials where the combustion wave is characterized by temperatures of 1750–2119 K and high mass combustion rates of 8,4– 9,3 g/s. The structure of synthesized SHS powders consists of relatively large MoSi2 grains up to 10 μm in size and submicron elongated HfB2 grains located mainly inside the MoSi2 grains and rounded Si precipitates. The composition with a lower concentration of boron contains a large number of polyhedral HfSi2 grains with a size of less than 10 μm. The resulting powders are characterized by an average particle size of ~6 μm with a maximum size up to 26 μm. Phase compositions of ceramics consolidated by the HP method and SHS synthesized powders are identical. The microstructure of compact samples consists of faceted HfB2 elongated grains 0,5– 10,0 μm in size, polyhedral HfSi2 and MoSi2 grains up to 8–10 μm in size and silicon interlayers. Consolidated ceramics has a high structural and chemical homogeneity, low residual porosity of 1,1–1,7 %, high hardness of 11,7–12,6 GPa and thermal conductivity of 62–87 W/(m·K).
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