Two cases of transplant-acquired food allergy who developed resensitization after a negative oral food challenge.

Background: Cases of food allergy after hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation in previously nonallergic transplant recipients were reported as transplant-acquired food allergy (TAFA), but information about its long-term outcome is still limited. A phenomenon where patients reacquire food allergy by resuming daily consumption after a negative oral food challenge has not yet been reported.

Case presentation: We report two cases of TAFA after liver transplantation and cord blood transplantation. In each case, the threshold of daily consumption to cause allergic symptoms decreased when a negative oral food challenge was obtained.

Conclusions: Our cases show an importance of gastrointestinal tract as a route of food sensitization because thresholds that caused allergic reactions decreased during their resuming process. We need to be careful with possible resensitization once a negative substantial dose was confirmed.