肠道病毒的免疫调节。

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Epub Date: 2023-06-28 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-112317
Lucie Bernard-Raichon, Ken Cadwell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肠道病毒对宿主粘膜免疫系统表现出复杂的适应能力,从而在胃肠道中成功繁殖,并在肠道外传播时引发从肠胃炎到危及生命的疾病等疾病。然而,许多病毒感染是无症状的,它们在肠道中的存在与免疫环境的改变有关,在某些情况下可能是有益的,也可能是不利的。宿主的遗传变异和包括细菌微生物群在内的环境因素影响免疫系统如何以显著的病毒株特异性方式对感染做出反应。这种免疫反应反过来决定了特定病毒是建立急性感染还是慢性感染,这可能会产生长期的后果,如对炎症疾病的易感性。在这篇综述中,我们总结了我们目前对肠道病毒和免疫系统之间相互作用机制的理解,这些机制是这些无处不在的传染源对我们健康影响的基础。
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Immunomodulation by Enteric Viruses.

Enteric viruses display intricate adaptations to the host mucosal immune system to successfully reproduce in the gastrointestinal tract and cause maladies ranging from gastroenteritis to life-threatening disease upon extraintestinal dissemination. However, many viral infections are asymptomatic, and their presence in the gut is associated with an altered immune landscape that can be beneficial or adverse in certain contexts. Genetic variation in the host and environmental factors including the bacterial microbiota influence how the immune system responds to infections in a remarkably viral strain-specific manner. This immune response, in turn, determines whether a given virus establishes acute versus chronic infection, which may have long-lasting consequences such as susceptibility to inflammatory disease. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interaction between enteric viruses and the immune system that underlie the impact of these ubiquitous infectious agents on our health.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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