An organisational approach to improving diagnostic safety.

Diagnostic error affects up to 10% of clinical encounters and is a major contributing factor to 1 in 100 hospital deaths. Most errors involve cognitive failures from clinicians but organisational shortcomings also act as predisposing factors. There has been considerable focus on profiling causes for incorrect reasoning intrinsic to individual clinicians and identifying strategies that may help to prevent such errors. Much less focus has been given to what healthcare organisations can do to improve diagnostic safety. A framework modelled on the US Safer Diagnosis approach and adapted for the Australian context is proposed, which includes practical strategies actionable within individual clinical departments. Organisations adopting this framework could become centres of diagnostic excellence. This framework could act as a starting point for formulating standards of diagnostic performance that may be considered as part of accreditation programs for hospitals and other healthcare organisations.