Updated Perspectives on the Neurobiology of Substance Use Disorders Using Neuroimaging.

IF 5.1 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.2147/SAR.S362861
Kevin S Murnane, Amber N Edinoff, Elyse M Cornett, Alan D Kaye
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Abstract

Substance use problems impair social functioning, academic achievement, and employability. Psychological, biological, social, and environmental factors can contribute to substance use disorders. In recent years, neuroimaging breakthroughs have helped elucidate the mechanisms of substance misuse and its effects on the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are all examples. Neuroimaging studies suggest substance misuse affects executive function, reward, memory, and stress systems. Recent neuroimaging research attempts have provided clinicians with improved tools to diagnose patients who misuse substances, comprehend the complicated neuroanatomy and neurobiology involved, and devise individually tailored and monitorable treatment regimens for individuals with substance use disorders. This review describes the most recent developments in drug misuse neuroimaging, including the neurobiology of substance use disorders, neuroimaging, and substance use disorders, established neuroimaging techniques, recent developments with established neuroimaging techniques and substance use disorders, and emerging clinical neuroimaging technology.

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利用神经影像学研究物质使用障碍神经生物学的最新观点。
物质使用问题损害社会功能、学业成就和就业能力。心理、生物、社会和环境因素可导致物质使用障碍。近年来,神经影像学的突破有助于阐明药物滥用的机制及其对大脑的影响。功能性磁共振成像(MRI)、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)、单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT)和磁共振波谱(MRS)都是例子。神经影像学研究表明,药物滥用会影响执行功能、奖励、记忆和压力系统。最近的神经影像学研究尝试为临床医生提供了改进的工具,以诊断滥用药物的患者,理解涉及的复杂神经解剖学和神经生物学,并为物质使用障碍患者设计个性化定制和可监测的治疗方案。这篇综述描述了药物滥用神经影像学的最新发展,包括物质使用障碍的神经生物学、神经影像学和物质使用障碍、已建立的神经影像学技术、已建立的神经影像学技术和物质使用障碍的最新发展,以及新兴的临床神经影像学技术。
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来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊最新文献
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