Thiolase: A Versatile Biocatalyst Employing Coenzyme A-Thioester Chemistry for Making and Breaking C-C Bonds.

IF 12.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI:10.1146/annurev-biochem-052521-033746
Rajesh K Harijan, Subhadra Dalwani, Tiila-Riikka Kiema, Rajaram Venkatesan, Rik K Wierenga
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Thiolases are CoA-dependent enzymes that catalyze the thiolytic cleavage of 3-ketoacyl-CoA, as well as its reverse reaction, which is the thioester-dependent Claisen condensation reaction. Thiolases are dimers or tetramers (dimers of dimers). All thiolases have two reactive cysteines: (a) a nucleophilic cysteine, which forms a covalent intermediate, and (b) an acid/base cysteine. The best characterized thiolase is the Zoogloea ramigera thiolase, which is a bacterial biosynthetic thiolase belonging to the CT-thiolase subfamily. The thiolase active site is also characterized by two oxyanion holes, two active site waters, and four catalytic loops with characteristic amino acid sequence fingerprints. Three thiolase subfamilies can be identified, each characterized by a unique sequence fingerprint for one of their catalytic loops, which causes unique active site properties. Recent insights concerning the thiolase reaction mechanism, as obtained from recent structural studies, as well as from classical and recent enzymological studies, are addressed, and open questions are discussed.

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硫醇酶:一种多功能生物催化剂,利用辅酶A-硫酯化学来制造和破坏C-C键。
硫酶是辅酶a依赖的酶,催化3-酮酰基辅酶a的硫解裂解及其逆反应,即硫酯依赖的Claisen缩合反应。硫硫酶是二聚体或四聚体(二聚体的二聚体)。所有硫酶都有两种活性半胱氨酸:(a)形成共价中间体的亲核半胱氨酸和(b)酸/碱半胱氨酸。最具特征的硫酶是Zoogloea ramigera硫酶,它是一种细菌生物合成硫酶,属于ct硫酶亚家族。巯基酶活性位点还具有两个氧阴离子空穴、两个活性位点水和四个具有特征氨基酸序列指纹图谱的催化环。可以确定三个硫硫酶亚家族,每个亚家族都具有其催化环的独特序列指纹,这导致独特的活性位点性质。从最近的结构研究以及从经典和最近的酶学研究中获得的关于硫硫酶反应机制的最新见解得到了解决,并讨论了悬而未决的问题。
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来源期刊
Annual review of biochemistry
Annual review of biochemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
33.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Biochemistry, in publication since 1932, sets the standard for review articles in biological chemistry and molecular biology. Since its inception, these volumes have served as an indispensable resource for both the practicing biochemist and students of biochemistry.
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