Guidelines for microbiome studies in renal physiology.

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY American Journal of Physiology-renal Physiology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1152/ajprenal.00072.2023
Rikeish R Muralitharan, Matthew Snelson, Guillaume Meric, Melinda T Coughlan, Francine Z Marques
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Gut microbiome research has increased dramatically in the last decade, including in renal health and disease. The field is moving from experiments showing mere association to causation using both forward and reverse microbiome approaches, leveraging tools such as germ-free animals, treatment with antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantations. However, we are still seeing a gap between discovery and translation that needs to be addressed, so that patients can benefit from microbiome-based therapies. In this guideline paper, we discuss the key considerations that affect the gut microbiome of animals and clinical studies assessing renal function, many of which are often overlooked, resulting in false-positive results. For animal studies, these include suppliers, acclimatization, baseline microbiota and its normalization, littermates and cohort/cage effects, diet, sex differences, age, circadian differences, antibiotics and sweeteners, and models used. Clinical studies have some unique considerations, which include sampling, gut transit time, dietary records, medication, and renal phenotypes. We provide best-practice guidance on sampling, storage, DNA extraction, and methods for microbial DNA sequencing (both 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenome). Finally, we discuss follow-up analyses, including tools available, metrics, and their interpretation, and the key challenges ahead in the microbiome field. By standardizing study designs, methods, and reporting, we will accelerate the findings from discovery to translation and result in new microbiome-based therapies that may improve renal health.

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肾生理学微生物组研究指南。
在过去十年中,肠道微生物组的研究急剧增加,包括在肾脏健康和疾病方面。该领域正在从使用正向和反向微生物组方法的单纯关联实验转向因果关系,利用诸如无菌动物、抗生素治疗和粪便微生物群移植等工具。然而,我们仍然看到发现和转化之间的差距需要解决,以便患者可以从基于微生物组的治疗中受益。在这篇指南文章中,我们讨论了影响动物肠道微生物组和评估肾功能的临床研究的关键因素,其中许多因素经常被忽视,导致假阳性结果。对于动物研究,这些包括供应商、适应环境、基线微生物群及其正常化、窝群和队列/笼效应、饮食、性别差异、年龄、昼夜节律差异、抗生素和甜味剂以及使用的模型。临床研究有一些独特的考虑因素,包括采样、肠道传递时间、饮食记录、药物和肾脏表型。我们为微生物DNA测序(包括16S rRNA和shotgun宏基因组)的采样、存储、DNA提取和方法提供最佳实践指导。最后,我们讨论了后续分析,包括可用的工具、指标及其解释,以及微生物组领域未来的关键挑战。通过标准化研究设计、方法和报告,我们将加速从发现到转化的发现,并产生可能改善肾脏健康的基于微生物组的新疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
154
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology publishes original manuscripts on timely topics in both basic science and clinical research. Published articles address a broad range of subjects relating to the kidney and urinary tract, and may involve human or animal models, individual cell types, and isolated membrane systems. Also covered are the pathophysiological basis of renal disease processes, regulation of body fluids, and clinical research that provides mechanistic insights. Studies of renal function may be conducted using a wide range of approaches, such as biochemistry, immunology, genetics, mathematical modeling, molecular biology, as well as physiological and clinical methodologies.
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