Anti-metastatic effect of taraxasterol on prostate cancer cell lines.

IF 2.1 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.4103/1735-5362.378090

Morteza Movahhed, Mona Pazhouhi, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Bahman Jalali Kondori

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Abstract

Background and purpose: Prostate cancer is the second cause of death among men. Nowadays, treating various cancers with medicinal plants is more common than other therapeutic agents due to their minor side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of taraxasterol on the prostate cancer cell line.

Experimental approach: The prostate cancer cell line (PC3) was cultured in a nutrient medium. MTT method and trypan blue staining were used to evaluate the viability of cells in the presence of different concentrations of taraxasterol, and IC₅₀ was calculated. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of MMP-9, MMP-2, uPA, uPAR, TIMP-2, and TIMP-1 genes. Gelatin zymography was used to determine MMP-9 and MMP-2 enzyme activity levels. Finally, the effect of taraxasterol on cell invasion, migration, and adhesion was investigated.

Findings/results: Taraxasterol decreased the survival rate of PC3 cells at IC₅₀ time-dependently (24, 48, and 72 h). Taraxasterol reduced the percentage of PC3 cell adhesion, invasion, and migration by 74, 56, and 76 percent, respectively. Real-time PCR results revealed that uPA, uPAR, MMP-9, and MMP-2 gene expressions decreased in the taraxasterol-treated groups, but TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 gene expressions increased significantly. Also, a significant decrease in the level of MMP-9 and MMP-2 enzymes was observed in the PC3 cell line treated with taraxasterol.

Conclusion and implications: The present study confirmed the therapeutic role of taraxasterol in preventing prostate cancer cell metastasis in the in-vitro study.

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taraxasterol对前列腺癌细胞系的抗转移作用。

背景和目的:前列腺癌是男性死亡的第二大原因。目前，用药用植物治疗各种癌症比其他治疗药物更常见，因为它们的副作用很小。本研究旨在探讨他乐沙醇对前列腺癌细胞系的影响。实验方法:在营养培养基中培养前列腺癌细胞系(PC3)。采用MTT法和台盼蓝染色法评价不同浓度taraxasterol存在下的细胞活力，计算IC50。Real-time PCR检测MMP-9、MMP-2、uPA、uPAR、TIMP-2、TIMP-1基因的表达。明胶酶谱法测定MMP-9和MMP-2酶活性水平。最后，研究了taraxasterol对细胞侵袭、迁移和粘附的影响。发现/结果:Taraxasterol降低PC3细胞在IC50时间依赖性(24、48和72小时)的存活率。Taraxasterol降低PC3细胞粘附、侵袭和迁移的百分比分别为74%、56%和76%。Real-time PCR结果显示，在taraxasterol处理组中，uPA、uPAR、MMP-9和MMP-2基因表达降低，而TIMP-2和TIMP-1基因表达显著升高。此外，在经taraxasterol处理的PC3细胞株中，MMP-9和MMP-2酶的水平也显著降低。结论与意义:本研究通过体外实验证实了taraxasterol在预防前列腺癌细胞转移中的治疗作用。

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来源期刊

Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL-

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

19.00%

发文量

审稿时长

34 weeks

期刊介绍： Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences (RPS) is included in Thomson Reuters ESCI Web of Science (searchable at WoS master journal list), indexed with PubMed and PubMed Central and abstracted in the Elsevier Bibliographic Databases. Databases include Scopus, EMBASE, EMCare, EMBiology and Elsevier BIOBASE. It is also indexed in several specialized databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran, Index Copernicus (IC) and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC).