Regina A Jacob, Brett Bade, Lenat Joffe, Priyanka Makkar, Catherine M Alfano
{"title":"The Evaluation and Management of Visceral Complications in Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome Part 1.","authors":"Regina A Jacob, Brett Bade, Lenat Joffe, Priyanka Makkar, Catherine M Alfano","doi":"10.1007/s40141-023-00391-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>External beam ionizing radiation is a fundamental component of cancer treatment and is incorporated into approximately 50% of cancer treatments. Radiation therapy causes cell death directly by apoptosis and indirectly by disruption of mitosis.</p><p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This study aims to inform rehabilitation clinicians of the visceral toxicities of radiation fibrosis syndrome and how to detect and diagnose these complications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Latest research indicates that radiation toxicity is primarily related to radiation dose, patient co-morbidity, and concomitant use of chemotherapies and immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. While cancer cells are the primary target, surrounding normal cells and tissues are also affected. Radiation toxicity is dose dependent, and tissue injury develops from inflammation that may progress to fibrosis. Thus, radiation dosing in cancer therapy is often limited by tissue toxicity. Although newer radiotherapeutic modalities aim to limit delivery of radiation to non-cancerous tissues, many patients continue to experience toxicity.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>To ensure early recognition of radiation toxicity and fibrosis, it is imperative that all clinicians are aware of the predictors, signs, and symptoms of radiation fibrosis syndrome. Here, we present part 1 of the visceral complications of radiation fibrosis syndrome, addressing radiation-related toxicity in the heart, lungs, and thyroid gland.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":36406,"journal":{"name":"Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10043528/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40141-023-00391-w","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"REHABILITATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract: External beam ionizing radiation is a fundamental component of cancer treatment and is incorporated into approximately 50% of cancer treatments. Radiation therapy causes cell death directly by apoptosis and indirectly by disruption of mitosis.
Purpose of review: This study aims to inform rehabilitation clinicians of the visceral toxicities of radiation fibrosis syndrome and how to detect and diagnose these complications.
Recent findings: Latest research indicates that radiation toxicity is primarily related to radiation dose, patient co-morbidity, and concomitant use of chemotherapies and immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. While cancer cells are the primary target, surrounding normal cells and tissues are also affected. Radiation toxicity is dose dependent, and tissue injury develops from inflammation that may progress to fibrosis. Thus, radiation dosing in cancer therapy is often limited by tissue toxicity. Although newer radiotherapeutic modalities aim to limit delivery of radiation to non-cancerous tissues, many patients continue to experience toxicity.
Summary: To ensure early recognition of radiation toxicity and fibrosis, it is imperative that all clinicians are aware of the predictors, signs, and symptoms of radiation fibrosis syndrome. Here, we present part 1 of the visceral complications of radiation fibrosis syndrome, addressing radiation-related toxicity in the heart, lungs, and thyroid gland.
期刊介绍：
This journal aims to offer expert review articles on the most significant recent developments in physical medicine and rehabilitation. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions, the journal serves those for whom an understanding of emerging knowledge in the rehabilitation sciences is essential to optimizing health, function, and participation in individuals with physical disabilities. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An Editorial Board of more than 20 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics include emerging research, and suggests topics of special importance to their country/region. Topics covered may include amputee rehabilitation; interventional pain management; musculoskeletal rehabilitation; pediatric rehabilitation; spinal cord injury rehabilitation; stroke rehabilitation; swallowing disorders; and traumatic brain injury rehabilitation.
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