The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Body Composition, Inflammatory Factors, and Nutritional Status in Patients with Cachexia Induced by Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Amir Bagheri, Farzaneh Asoudeh, Saied Rezaei, Mohammad Babaei, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
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Abstract
Background: Along with high calorie and high protein diet, a new comprehensive dietary approach is needed to control cachexia caused by cancer and its related outcomes. This study was done to evaluate the effect of a Mediterranean diet on body composition, nutritional status, and inflammatory markers among cancer cachexia patients.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 46 patients with colorectal cancer-induced cachexia were included. After randomization, 23 patients were allocated to the intervention group (Mediterranean diet) and 23 to the control group (nutritional counseling for weight gain and prevention of weight loss in cancer patients). The primary outcome including muscle health, nutritional status, and inflammatory markers along with secondary outcomes such as quality of life, and serum proteins were evaluated at the start and the eighth week of the study. Statistical analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat concept. To compare changes in dependent variables between the 2 groups, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed.
Results: After adjustment for the baseline values, age, sex, and supplements use, in the Mediterranean diet group mean of weight (P < .001), lean body mass (P = .001), fat mass (P = .002), and muscle strength (P < .001) were significantly increased compared to the control group. Regarding inflammatory markers, the mean serum level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (P < .001), high sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P = .01) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P < .001) were significantly improved in the Mediterranean diet group. Moreover, in the Mediterranean diet group, the score for global health status (P = .02) and physical performance score (P < .001) were significantly increased.
Conclusion: It appears that the implementation of the Mediterranean diet might be a strategy to improve nutritional status, quality of life, inflammatory markers, and body composition in patients with colorectal cancer cachexia.
Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir); ID: IRCT20211027052884N1.
背景：除了高热量和高蛋白饮食外，还需要一种新的综合饮食方法来控制癌症引起的恶病质及其相关结果。本研究旨在评估地中海饮食对癌症恶病质患者身体成分、营养状况和炎症标志物的影响。方法：本随机临床试验纳入46例结直肠癌恶病质患者。随机分组后，23名患者被分配到干预组（地中海饮食），23名被分配到对照组（癌症患者体重增加和预防体重减轻的营养咨询）。在研究开始和第八周评估了主要结果，包括肌肉健康、营养状况和炎症标志物，以及次要结果，如生活质量和血清蛋白。根据意向治疗概念进行统计分析。为了比较两组之间因变量的变化，进行了协方差分析（ANCOVA）。结果：在对基线值、年龄、性别和补充剂使用进行调整后，地中海饮食组的平均体重（P P = .001），脂肪量（P = .002）和肌肉力量（P P P = .01）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）（P P = .02）和身体表现得分（P 结论：地中海饮食可能是改善癌症恶病质患者营养状况、生活质量、炎症标志物和身体成分的一种策略。试验注册：伊朗临床试验注册处（www.irct.ir）；ID:irct21027052884n1。
期刊介绍：
ICT is the first journal to spearhead and focus on a new and growing movement in cancer treatment. The journal emphasizes scientific understanding of alternative medicine and traditional medicine therapies, and their responsible integration with conventional health care. Integrative care includes therapeutic interventions in diet, lifestyle, exercise, stress care, and nutritional supplements, as well as experimental vaccines, chrono-chemotherapy, and other advanced treatments. Contributors are leading oncologists, researchers, nurses, and health-care professionals.
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