Sex Differences in the Developmental Trajectories of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

IF 2.2 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES Current Developmental Disorders Reports Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1007/s40474-023-00270-y

Tyler C McFayden, Orla Putnam, Rebecca Grzadzinski, Clare Harrop

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose of review: Females and males are disproportionately diagnosed with autism, a sex difference that has historically represented this neurodevelopmental condition. The current review examines lifespan developmental trajectories of autism based on sex to elucidate behavioral phenotypic differences that may contribute to differential rates of diagnosis.

Recent findings: We review sex differences in diagnostic criteria: social communication and restricted interests/repetitive behaviors (RRBs). Results suggest RRBs are more indicative of a diagnosis in males, whereas social differences are more indicative of a diagnosis in females. Factors contributing to a later diagnosis in females include social strengths (camouflaging) and diagnostic overshadowing.

Summary: Sex differences in diagnostic criteria may contribute to differential rates of identification in males and females. Sex differences are most pronounced when assessing naturalistic social communication instead of reliance on standardized measure. Numerous future directions are identified including increasing samples of sub-threshold autistic females and evaluating longitudinal sex differences.

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自闭症谱系障碍发展轨迹的性别差异。

综述目的:女性和男性被诊断为自闭症的比例不成比例，这种性别差异历来代表着这种神经发育状况。目前的综述研究了基于性别的自闭症的生命发育轨迹，以阐明可能导致诊断率差异的行为表型差异。最近的发现:我们回顾了诊断标准的性别差异:社会沟通和限制兴趣/重复行为(RRBs)。结果表明，RRBs对男性的诊断更有指示性，而社会差异对女性的诊断更有指示性。导致女性较晚诊断的因素包括社会优势(伪装)和诊断阴影。摘要:诊断标准的性别差异可能导致男性和女性的鉴别率不同。在评估自然的社会交流而不是依赖标准化测量时，性别差异最为明显。确定了许多未来的方向，包括增加亚阈值自闭症女性的样本和评估纵向性别差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Developmental Disorders Reports Psychology-Developmental and Educational Psychology

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Developmental Disorders Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists and clinicians in the field of developmental disorders. What makes the journal unique is its focus—coverage of not one but a host of major disorders in the field, ranging from autism, ADHD, and Tourette’s syndrome, to motor disorders such as cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder, through to language and reading disorders such as developmental dyslexia. International authorities serve as editorial board members and section editors, and articles from some of the world’s leading researchers will focus on timely and current reviews of the literature in areas spanning the continuum from bench to communities to individuals. Reviews on new scientific discoveries in neurosciences, genetics, and epidemiology, as well as clinical interventions and policy will provide readers with access to new, innovative, and impactful discoveries as they emerge.