The Association Between Perceived Discrimination and BMI Trajectory: A Prospective Study of African American and White Adults.

Abstract

Evidence suggests that socioenvironmental stressors, such as discrimination, may serve as determinants of the ongoing obesity epidemic and persisting disparities in obesity prevalence. The objectives of these analyses were to examine whether perceived discrimination was associated with body mass index (BMI) trajectory and whether this relationship differed by race or sex. Data for these analyses came from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study, a prospective cohort study in Baltimore City. Mixed-effects linear regression was used in a sample of 1962 African American and white adults to test our hypotheses. We found that race was an effect modifier in the relationship between perceived discrimination and BMI trajectory (B = 0.063, P = .014). Specifically, higher baseline perceived discrimination was associated with positive BMI trajectory in African American adults (B = 0.031, P = .033) but not in white adults (B = -0.032 P = .128). In this longitudinal study of African American and white adults, the relationship between perceived discrimination and BMI trajectory differed by race. Future research should be conducted in diverse samples to understand the risk socioenvironmental stressors pose on the development and progression of overweight and obesity, in addition to how these differ in subgroups.