Sex Differences in Age of Diagnosis, HLA Genotype, and Autoantibody Profile in Children With Type 1 Diabetes.

IF 14.8 1区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Diabetes Care Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI:10.2337/dc23-0124

Jasaman Tojjar, Matti Cervin, Emma Hedlund, Qefsere Brahimi, Gun Forsander, Helena Elding Larsson, Johnny Ludvigsson, Ulf Samuelsson, Claude Marcus, Martina Persson, Annelie Carlsson

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Abstract

Objective: To examine sex differences in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) with respect to age at diagnosis, presence of autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated protein 2 [IA-2A], insulin autoantibody [IAA], and zinc transporter 8 autoantibody), and HLA risk.

Research design and methods: A population-based nationwide sample of 3,645 Swedish children at T1D diagnosis was used.

Results: Girls were younger at T1D diagnosis (9.53 vs. 10.23 years; P < 0.001), more likely to be autoantibody-positive (94.7% vs. 92.0%; P = 0.002), more often positive for multiple autoantibodies (P < 0.001), more likely to be positive for GADA (64.9% vs. 49.0%; P < 0.001), and less likely to be positive for IAA (32.3% vs. 33.8%; P = 0.016). Small sex differences in HLA risk were found in children <9 years of age.

Conclusions: The disease mechanisms leading to T1D may influence the immune system differently in girls and boys.

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1型糖尿病儿童诊断年龄、HLA基因型和自身抗体谱的性别差异。

目的：研究新诊断的1型糖尿病（T1D）儿童在诊断时的年龄、自身抗体（GAD抗体〔GADA〕、胰岛素瘤相关蛋白2〔IA-2A〕、胰岛素自身抗体〔IAA〕和锌转运蛋白8自身抗体）的存在以及HLA风险方面的性别差异。研究设计和方法：采用基于人群的全国范围内3645名诊断为T1D的瑞典儿童样本。结果：女孩在T1D诊断时更年轻（9.53岁对10.23岁；P<0.001），更容易出现自身抗体阳性（94.7%对92.0%；P=0.002），更经常出现多种自身抗体阳性的情况（P<0.001）、更可能出现GADA阳性（64.9%对49.0%；P=0.001），IAA阳性的可能性较小（32.3%vs.33.8%；P=0.016）。儿童HLA风险的性别差异较小。结论：导致T1D的疾病机制可能对女孩和男孩的免疫系统产生不同的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetes Care 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

27.80

自引率

4.90%

发文量

449

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The journal's overarching mission can be captured by the simple word "Care," reflecting its commitment to enhancing patient well-being. Diabetes Care aims to support better patient care by addressing the comprehensive needs of healthcare professionals dedicated to managing diabetes. Diabetes Care serves as a valuable resource for healthcare practitioners, aiming to advance knowledge, foster research, and improve diabetes management. The journal publishes original research across various categories, including Clinical Care, Education, Nutrition, Psychosocial Research, Epidemiology, Health Services Research, Emerging Treatments and Technologies, Pathophysiology, Complications, and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk. Additionally, Diabetes Care features ADA statements, consensus reports, review articles, letters to the editor, and health/medical news, appealing to a diverse audience of physicians, researchers, psychologists, educators, and other healthcare professionals.