Antibiotics May Interfere with Nivolumab Efficacy in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Oncology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI:10.1159/000533860

Reio Ueta, Hiroo Imai, Ken Saijo, Yoshifumi Kawamura, Shuto Kodera, Keigo Komine, Kota Ouchi, Yuki Kasahara, Sakura Taniguchi, Yuya Yoshida, Keiju Sasaki, Hidekazu Shirota, Masanobu Takahashi, Chikashi Ishioka

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Abstract

Introduction: Patients with the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are often treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Recently, antibiotic intake was reported to lower the efficacy of ICIs in patients with several types of cancers. However, it is unclear if antibiotics affect the efficacy of ICIs in patients with head and neck SCC. We retrospectively assessed the influence of antibiotics on the treatment efficacy of nivolumab, an ICI, in patients with head and neck SCC.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with head and neck SCC treated with nivolumab at the Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, between 2017 and 2021. Patients who received oral or intravenous antibiotics from a month before the day of nivolumab initiation to the day of the first imaging evaluation of ICI efficacy were assigned to the antibiotic-treated group. The remaining patients were assigned to the antibiotic-untreated group. The response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival time (OS) of both groups were compared.

Results: Forty-five patients were assigned to the antibiotic-treated group and 19 to the antibiotic-untreated group. The RR, median PFS, and median OS of the antibiotic-treated group were 23.7%, 3.2 months (95% confidential interval [CI]: 2.0-4.1), and 8.4 months (95% CI: 5.3-15.1) and those of the antibiotic-untreated group were 42.1%, 5.8 months (95% CI: 2.3-16.7), and 18.4 months (95% CI: 6.2-23.1), respectively. The PFS of the antibiotic-untreated group was significantly longer than that of the antibiotic-treated group.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that antibiotic treatment significantly shortens the PFS with nivolumab therapy in patients with head and neck SCC.

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抗生素可能干扰Nivolumab对头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者的疗效

简介头颈部鳞状细胞癌（SCC）患者通常接受免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）治疗。最近有报道称，抗生素的摄入会降低多种癌症患者使用 ICIs 的疗效。然而，抗生素是否会影响头颈部 SCC 患者使用 ICIs 的疗效尚不清楚。我们回顾性地评估了抗生素对头颈部 SCC 患者使用 ICI 药物 nivolumab 治疗效果的影响：我们回顾了2017年至2021年间在东北大学医院肿瘤内科接受nivolumab治疗的头颈部SCC患者的病历。从开始使用 nivolumab 的前一个月到首次成像评估 ICI 疗效的当天接受口服或静脉注射抗生素治疗的患者被分配到抗生素治疗组。其余患者被分配到抗生素未治疗组。比较了两组的反应率（RR）、无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存时间（OS）：结果：45 名患者被分配到抗生素治疗组，19 名患者被分配到抗生素未治疗组。抗生素治疗组的RR、中位PFS和中位OS分别为23.7%、3.2个月（95%保密区间[CI]：2.0-4.1）和8.4个月（95% CI：5.3-15.1），而抗生素未治疗组的RR、中位PFS和中位OS分别为42.1%、5.8个月（95% CI：2.3-16.7）和18.4个月（95% CI：6.2-23.1）。未经抗生素治疗组的PFS明显长于抗生素治疗组：我们的研究结果表明，抗生素治疗会明显缩短头颈部 SCC 患者接受 nivolumab 治疗的 PFS。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Oncology 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Although laboratory and clinical cancer research need to be closely linked, observations at the basic level often remain removed from medical applications. This journal works to accelerate the translation of experimental results into the clinic, and back again into the laboratory for further investigation. The fundamental purpose of this effort is to advance clinically-relevant knowledge of cancer, and improve the outcome of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malignant disease. The journal publishes significant clinical studies from cancer programs around the world, along with important translational laboratory findings, mini-reviews (invited and submitted) and in-depth discussions of evolving and controversial topics in the oncology arena. A unique feature of the journal is a new section which focuses on rapid peer-review and subsequent publication of short reports of phase 1 and phase 2 clinical cancer trials, with a goal of insuring that high-quality clinical cancer research quickly enters the public domain, regardless of the trial’s ultimate conclusions regarding efficacy or toxicity.