How and why adults use cannabis during physical activity.

Abstract

Background: With increased legalization of cannabis, users are combining cannabis with exercise. The purpose of this study is to understand how and why people use cannabis when participating in physical activity.

Methods: A convenience sample of cannabis users participated in an anonymous online survey created by the authors regarding exercise habits while under the influence of cannabis, perceived benefits, unanticipated experiences related to cannabis and exercise, and demographics.

Results: One hundred thirty-one respondents (18-55 years) were eligible and began the survey. Nearly 60 physical activities under the influence of cannabis were reported. The most frequently reported modes of exercise included hiking (60%), yoga (58%), and aerobic machines (50%). The primary reasons for using cannabis before exercise were "helping to focus/concentrate" (66%), "helping enjoy the exercise experience" (65%), and "enhancing mind-body-spirit connection" (65%). Thirty-three participants reported "yes" or "maybe" regarding having an experience they "didn't anticipate or desire while exercising under the influence of cannabis."

Discussion: Participants' reasons for exercising with cannabis span the physiological, psychological, neuromotor, and even spiritual domains. However, some reported an undesired experience when pairing cannabis with exercise. While this was an online survey with a small sample size, our results agree with and contribute to the growing research investigating cannabis use and physical activity participation.

Conclusion: We found considerable heterogeneity in types of physical activity participation under the influence of cannabis, as well as perceived benefits of use. This study provides directions to further explore the risks and benefits of combining cannabis with physical activity.