Kaini Cecilia Kaje, Fatima Dsilva, T S Sanal, T Latha, Shishir Kumar, Caren D'Souza
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Abstract
Background: Inflammatory markers play a substantial role in the prognosis of breast cancer (BC). Studies have been conducted, evaluating the effect of yoga intervention (YI) on inflammatory biomarkers among BC cases. This systematic review consolidates the outcome of YI in the cancer microenvironment.
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of YI in the cancer microenvironment among BC women.
Materials and methods: This review was conducted from May 2021 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria were experimental studies on adult BC cases with isolated YI. Studies conducted among paediatrics, case reports and case series were excluded from the study. Medline (PubMed), Medline (Ovid), Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane Central databases were searched. The data were restricted from January 2000 to December 2021 with studies published in English. 'The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool' was mobilised to evaluate the quality of the included studies.
Results: A total of nine studies met the inclusion criteria and comprised a sample size of 905 BC cases with a mean age of 50.26±8.27 years. Three studies evaluated tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and INTERLEUKIN (IL)-6, where two studies on TNF-α and one on IL-6 favoured the YI group. A study investigated soluble TNF receptor II (TNF-RII) and another on IL-1beta (IL-1β) has shown improved levels post-YI. A downward trend of cortisol levels was noted in four out of five studies. Two studies that examined the C-reactive protein and a study on IL-8 did not show any difference between the YI and the control groups.
Conclusion: This review's findings showed the downregulation of cortisol, markers of inflammation; TNF-α, IL-6, TNF-RII and IL-1β immediately to post-YI. Heterogeneities in terms of YIs, number of days of practice, duration and training received and the grade of BC cases are the concern of this review. However, YI can be considered a supportive therapy for BC.
背景：炎症标志物在癌症（BC）的预后中起着重要作用。已经进行了研究，评估瑜伽干预（YI）对BC病例炎症生物标志物的影响。这一系统综述巩固了YI在癌症微环境中的结果。目的：本研究旨在评价YI对BC妇女癌症微环境的影响。材料和方法：本次审查于2021年5月至2021年12月进行。纳入标准是对患有孤立性YI的成人BC病例的实验研究。在儿科、病例报告和病例系列中进行的研究被排除在研究之外。检索Medline（PubMed）、Medline（Ovid）、Web of Science（WOS）、Scopus、CINAHL和Cochrane Central数据库。这些数据在2000年1月至2021年12月期间受到英文研究的限制采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具来评估纳入研究的质量。结果：共有9项研究符合纳入标准，样本量为905例BC病例，平均年龄为50.26±8.27岁。三项研究评估了肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6，其中两项关于TNF-α的研究和一项关于IL-6的研究有利于YI组。一项对可溶性TNF受体II（TNF-RII）和另一项对IL-1β（IL-1β）的研究表明，YI后的水平有所提高。五分之四的研究发现皮质醇水平呈下降趋势。两项检测C反应蛋白的研究和一项关于IL-8的研究没有显示YI组和对照组之间有任何差异。结论：本综述的研究结果显示炎症标志物皮质醇的下调；TNF-α、IL-6、TNF-RII和IL-1β。YIs、练习天数、接受的持续时间和训练以及BC病例等级方面的异质性是本综述关注的问题。然而，YI可以被认为是BC的一种支持性治疗方法。
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