Mandibular glands secrete 24-methylenecholesterol into honey bee (Apis mellifera) food jelly

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104011

Anja Buttstedt , Christian W.W. Pirk, Abdullahi A. Yusuf

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Abstract

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers feed their larvae with food jelly that is secreted by specialized glands in their heads – the hypopharyngeal and the mandibular glands. Food jelly contains all the nutrients the larvae need to develop into adult honey bees, including essential dietary sterols. The main sterol in food jelly, 24-methylenecholesterol (24MC), is pollen-derived and delivered in food jelly to the larvae in a complex with two proteins, major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1) and apisim. Whereas the proteins are synthesized in the hypopharyngeal glands, the sterol-secreting gland has not been identified. We here identified the mandibular glands as sterol-secreting gland for food jelly production by direct detection of the four main honey bee sterols (24MC, campesterol, β-sitosterol and isofucosterol). Furthermore, 24MC seems to be specifically enriched in the mandibular glands, thereby ensuring that food jelly contains the amounts of 24MC necessary for complex formation with MRJP1 and apisimin.

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下颌腺将24-亚甲基胆固醇分泌到蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的食物果冻中。

蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的工作人员用食物果冻喂养幼虫，这种食物果冻是由它们头部的特殊腺体——下咽腺和下颌腺分泌的。食物果冻含有幼虫发育成成年蜜蜂所需的所有营养成分，包括必需的膳食甾醇。食物果冻中的主要固醇，24-亚甲基胆固醇（24MC），是花粉衍生的，并在食物果冻中以两种蛋白质（主要蜂王浆蛋白1（MRJP1）和apisim）的复合物输送给幼虫。尽管这些蛋白质是在下咽腺合成的，但固醇分泌腺尚未被鉴定。我们通过直接检测蜜蜂的四种主要固醇（24MC、campesterol、β-谷甾醇和异岩藻甾醇），确定下颌腺是生产果冻的固醇分泌腺。此外，24MC似乎在下颌腺中特异性富集，从而确保食物果冻含有与MRJP1和apisimin形成复合物所需的24MC量。

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来源期刊

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

105

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： This international journal publishes original contributions and mini-reviews in the fields of insect biochemistry and insect molecular biology. Main areas of interest are neurochemistry, hormone and pheromone biochemistry, enzymes and metabolism, hormone action and gene regulation, gene characterization and structure, pharmacology, immunology and cell and tissue culture. Papers on the biochemistry and molecular biology of other groups of arthropods are published if of general interest to the readership. Technique papers will be considered for publication if they significantly advance the field of insect biochemistry and molecular biology in the opinion of the Editors and Editorial Board.