Eliminating Potential Effects of Other Infections During Selection of Nonhuman Primates for COVID-19 Research.

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Comparative medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI:10.30802/AALAS-CM-21-000086
Márcia Cr Andrade, Bárbara Rp Lemos, Larissa M Silva, Jerilyn K Pecotte
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The study of nonhuman primates (NHP) can provide significant insights into our understanding numerous infectious agents. The etiological agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 virus, first emerged in 2019 and has so far been responsible for the deaths of over 4 million people globally. In the frenzied search to understand its pathogenesis and immunology and to find measures for prevention and control of this pandemic disease, NHP, particularly macaques, are the preferred model because they manifest similar clinical signs and immunologic features as humans. However, possible latent, subclinical, and opportunistic infections not previously detected in animals participating in a study may obscure experimental results and confound data interpretations in testing treatments and vaccine studies for COVID-19. Certain pathophysiologic changes that occur with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection are similar to those of simian pathogens. The current review discusses numerous coinfections of COVID-19 with other diseases and describes possible outcomes and mechanisms in COVID-19 studies of NHP that have coinfections. Due to the urgency triggered by the pandemic, screening that is more rigorous than usual is necessary to limit background noise and maximize the reliability of data from NHP COVID-19 studies. Screening for influenza virus, selected respiratory bacteria, and regional endemic pathogens such as vector-borne agents, together with the animal's individual exposure history, should be the main considerations in selecting a NHP for a COVID-19 study. In addition, because NHP are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, management and surveillance measures should be established to prevent transmission to healthy animals from infected colony animals and husbandry staff. This review presents compiled data on the use of NHP in COVID-19 studies, emphasizing the need to create the most reliable NHP model for those studies by extensive screening for other pathogens.

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在选择用于COVID-19研究的非人类灵长类动物时消除其他感染的潜在影响。
对非人类灵长类动物(NHP)的研究可以为我们理解许多感染因子提供重要的见解。COVID-19的病原体SARS-CoV-2病毒于2019年首次出现,迄今已造成全球400多万人死亡。在了解其发病机制和免疫学以及寻找预防和控制这种大流行疾病的措施的疯狂搜索中,NHP,特别是猕猴,是首选模型,因为它们表现出与人类相似的临床体征和免疫特征。然而,在参与研究的动物中以前未发现的潜在、亚临床和机会性感染可能会模糊实验结果,并混淆COVID-19测试治疗和疫苗研究中的数据解释。SARS-CoV-2病毒感染时发生的某些病理生理变化与类人猿病原体相似。本综述讨论了许多COVID-19与其他疾病的合并感染,并描述了合并感染的NHP的COVID-19研究可能的结果和机制。由于大流行引发的紧迫性,有必要进行比平时更严格的筛查,以限制背景噪音并最大限度地提高NHP COVID-19研究数据的可靠性。筛查流感病毒、选定的呼吸道细菌和媒介传播病原体等区域性地方性病原体,以及动物的个体暴露史,应是为COVID-19研究选择非传染性疾病时的主要考虑因素。此外,由于NHP对SARS-CoV-2病毒易感,应制定管理和监测措施,防止受感染的群体动物和畜牧业工作人员向健康动物传播。本综述介绍了在COVID-19研究中使用NHP的汇编数据,强调需要通过广泛筛查其他病原体,为这些研究创建最可靠的NHP模型。
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来源期刊
Comparative medicine
Comparative medicine 医学-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comparative Medicine (CM), an international journal of comparative and experimental medicine, is the leading English-language publication in the field and is ranked by the Science Citation Index in the upper third of all scientific journals. The mission of CM is to disseminate high-quality, peer-reviewed information that expands biomedical knowledge and promotes human and animal health through the study of laboratory animal disease, animal models of disease, and basic biologic mechanisms related to disease in people and animals.
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