An update on the role of common genetic variation underlying substance use disorders.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-17 DOI:10.1007/s40142-020-00184-w

Emma C Johnson, Yoonhoo Chang, Arpana Agrawal

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Abstract

Purpose of the review: Sample size increases have resulted in novel and replicable loci for substance use disorders (SUDs). We summarize some of the latest insights into SUD genetics and discuss some next steps in addiction genetics.

Recent findings: Genome-wide association studies have substantiated the role of previously known variants (e.g., rs1229984 in ADH1B for alcohol) and identified several novel loci for alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, opioid and cocaine use disorders. SUDs are genetically correlated with psychiatric outcomes, while liability to substance use is inconsistently associated with these outcomes and more closely associated with lifestyle factors. Specific variant associations appear to differ somewhat across populations, although similar genes and systems are implicated.

Summary: The next decade of human genetic studies of addiction should focus on expanding to non-European populations, consider pleiotropy across SUD and with other psychiatric disorders, and leverage human and cross-species functional data to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying SUDs.

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物质使用障碍常见基因变异作用的最新进展。

综述的目的：样本量的增加导致了物质使用障碍（SUD）的新的和可复制的基因座。我们总结了SUD遗传学的一些最新见解，并讨论了成瘾遗传学的下一步。最近的发现：全基因组关联研究证实了先前已知的变体（例如，rs1229984在酒精的ADH1B中）的作用，并确定了酒精、烟草、大麻、阿片类药物和可卡因使用障碍的几个新基因座。SUD与精神疾病的结果在基因上相关，而药物使用的倾向与这些结果的相关性不一致，与生活方式因素的相关性更为密切。尽管涉及相似的基因和系统，但不同人群的特定变体关联似乎有所不同。摘要：下一个十年的人类成瘾基因研究应侧重于扩展到非欧洲人群，考虑SUD和其他精神疾病的多效性，并利用人类和跨物种功能数据来阐明SUD的生物学机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.