[Epidemiological Panorama of Cervical Dysplasia in a First-Level Care Unit].

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer (CaCU) is the second cancer-related cause of death for women in Mexico. Early diagnosis and monitoring of patients by cervical cytology and colposcopy are currently the preferred screening methods for identification and prevention of this disease.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological panorama of cervical dysplasia diagnosed in a first-level care hospital.

Methods: The study was observational, retrospective, unicentric, homodemic, transversal. Records from 6,207 women who attended the General Subzone Hospital with Familiar Medicine #8 (HGSZ/UMF 8), in Tlaxcala, Mexico were analyzed. First-time cervical cytologies were analyzed from 2019 to 2021.

Results: Cervical dysplasia was found in 2.6% of the patients being the most frequent type of dysplasia NIC 1. Most of the clinical characteristics of patients with dysplasia were in agreement with those of the Mexican population. Important differences were found (comorbilities, mass index, number of sexual partners, births, positivity to changes related to HPV and vaccination) between two population sets defined by age (younger and older than 40 years).

Conclusions: The only factor where a tendency to be associated to type 2 and 3 dysplasia in the population younger than 40 years was the sexually active onset of life younger than 18 years, so this possible association should be evaluated in a bigger population. Our data suggests that risks factors should be evaluated separately for these age groups due to important differences regarding their clinic and epidemiological characteristics as well as changes in risk factor exposure.