Hepatitis A and E Viruses in Mussels from Cherrat Estuary in Morocco: Detection by Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Analysis.

IF 1.1 Q4 VIROLOGY Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2022/8066356

Hanaâ Bazir, Najwa Hassou, Fatiha El Mellouli, Hasnae Zekhnini, Saliha Najib, Moulay Mustapha Ennaji

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) contamination in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from Cherrat estuary (Moroccan Atlantic Coast), Morocco. In total, 52 samples (n = 12 mussels/each) were collected at four sites in the estuary, monthly, between March 2019 and March 2020. HAV and HEV were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) according to the ISO/TS 15216 method. HAV was detected in 46.15% of analyzed samples. Conversely, HEV was not detected in any sample. Moreover, the HAV detection rate was significantly associated with seasonal rainfall variations. This qualitative study on HAV and HEV contamination highlights the interest of studying mussel samples from wild areas. As HAV presence in mussels represents a potential health risk, viral contamination surveillance of mussels is necessary to protect consumers. HAV shellfish contamination must be monitored at Cherrat estuary because of the role played by shellfish as HAV reservoirs and/or vehicles in fecal-oral HAV transmission.

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摩洛哥切拉特河口贻贝中甲型和戊型肝炎病毒的实时反转录PCR检测

本研究的目的是评估摩洛哥切拉特河口(摩洛哥大西洋沿岸)贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)中的甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)和戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)污染情况。在2019年3月至2020年3月期间，每月在河口的四个地点收集52个样本(n = 12个贻贝/每个)。采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测HAV和HEV，检测方法为ISO/TS 15216。HAV检出率为46.15%。相反，在任何样本中均未检测到HEV。此外，HAV检出率与季节降雨变化显著相关。这项关于甲肝病毒和戊肝病毒污染的定性研究突出了研究野生贻贝样本的兴趣。由于甲肝病毒在贻贝中的存在代表着潜在的健康风险，因此有必要对贻贝进行病毒污染监测，以保护消费者。甲肝贝类污染必须在切拉特河口进行监测，因为甲肝贝类作为甲肝病毒的水库和/或粪便-口腔甲肝病毒传播的媒介。

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