{"title":"The Transmission of Intergenerational Epigenetic Information by Sperm microRNAs.","authors":"Grace S Lee, Colin C Conine","doi":"10.3390/epigenomes6020012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next, modulating the phenotype of offspring non-genetically in organisms ranging from plants to mammals. For intergenerational non-genetic inheritance to occur, epigenetic information must accumulate in germ cells. The three main carriers of epigenetic information-histone post-translational modifications, DNA modifications, and RNAs-all exhibit dynamic patterns of regulation during germ cell development. For example, histone modifications and DNA methylation are extensively reprogrammed and often eliminated during germ cell maturation and after fertilization during embryogenesis. Consequently, much attention has been given to RNAs, specifically small regulatory RNAs, as carriers of inherited epigenetic information. In this review, we discuss examples in which microRNAs have been implicated as key players in transmitting paternal epigenetic information intergenerationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":55768,"journal":{"name":"Epigenomes","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036291/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Epigenomes","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epigenomes6020012","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Epigenetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next, modulating the phenotype of offspring non-genetically in organisms ranging from plants to mammals. For intergenerational non-genetic inheritance to occur, epigenetic information must accumulate in germ cells. The three main carriers of epigenetic information-histone post-translational modifications, DNA modifications, and RNAs-all exhibit dynamic patterns of regulation during germ cell development. For example, histone modifications and DNA methylation are extensively reprogrammed and often eliminated during germ cell maturation and after fertilization during embryogenesis. Consequently, much attention has been given to RNAs, specifically small regulatory RNAs, as carriers of inherited epigenetic information. In this review, we discuss examples in which microRNAs have been implicated as key players in transmitting paternal epigenetic information intergenerationally.
从植物到哺乳动物，表观遗传信息代代相传，以非遗传的方式调节后代的表型。要实现代际非遗传，表观遗传信息必须在生殖细胞中积累。表观遗传信息的三大载体--组蛋白翻译后修饰、DNA修饰和RNA--在生殖细胞发育过程中都呈现出动态的调控模式。例如，组蛋白修饰和 DNA 甲基化在胚胎发育过程中生殖细胞成熟和受精后会发生广泛的重编程，并经常被消除。因此，RNA，特别是小调控 RNA 作为遗传表观遗传信息的载体受到了广泛关注。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论微RNA被认为是父系表观遗传信息代际传递的关键角色的例子。
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