Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on immunity

IF 4.7 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Journal of Translational Autoimmunity Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100177
Yang-yiyi Yu , Hui Jin , Qianjin Lu
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Nearly a quarter of the total number of deaths in the world are caused by unhealthy living or working environments. Therefore, we consider it significant to introduce the effect of a widely distributed component of air/water/food-source contaminants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), on the human body, especially on immunity in this review. PAHs are a large class of organic compounds containing two or more benzene rings. PAH exposure could occur in most people through breath, smoke, food, and direct skin contact, resulting in both cellular immunosuppression and humoral immunosuppression. PAHs usually lead to the exacerbation of autoimmune diseases by regulating the balance of T helper cell 17 and regulatory T cells, and promoting type 2 immunity. However, the receptor of PAHs, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), appears to exhibit duality in the immune response, which seems to explain some seemingly opposite experimental results. In addition, PAH exposure was also able to exacerbate allergic reactions and regulate monocytes to a certain extent. The specific regulation mechanisms of immune system include the assistance of AhR, the activation of the CYP-ROS axis, the recruitment of intracellular calcium, and some epigenetic mechanisms. This review aims to summarize our current understanding on the impact of PAHs in the immune system and some related diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus), and allergic diseases (asthma and atopic dermatitis). Finally, we also propose future research directions for the prevention or treatment on environmental induced diseases.

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多环芳烃对免疫的影响
全世界近四分之一的死亡人数是由不健康的生活或工作环境造成的。因此,我们认为介绍广泛分布的空气/水/食物源污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)对人体,特别是对免疫系统的影响具有重要意义。多环芳烃是一大类含有两个或更多苯环的有机化合物。多数人可通过呼吸、吸烟、食物和直接皮肤接触接触多环芳烃,导致细胞免疫抑制和体液免疫抑制。多环芳烃通常通过调节辅助性T细胞17和调节性T细胞的平衡,促进2型免疫,从而导致自身免疫性疾病的恶化。然而,多环芳烃受体芳烃受体(AhR)在免疫反应中似乎表现出双重性,这似乎解释了一些看似相反的实验结果。此外,多环芳烃暴露还能加重过敏反应,并在一定程度上调节单核细胞。免疫系统的具体调控机制包括AhR的辅助、CYP-ROS轴的激活、细胞内钙的募集以及一些表观遗传机制。这篇综述旨在总结我们目前对多环芳烃在免疫系统和一些相关疾病如癌症、自身免疫性疾病(类风湿性关节炎、1型糖尿病、多发性硬化症和系统性红斑狼疮)和过敏性疾病(哮喘和特应性皮炎)的影响的认识。最后,对环境诱发性疾病的防治提出了未来的研究方向。
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来源期刊
Journal of Translational Autoimmunity
Journal of Translational Autoimmunity Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
2.60%
发文量
33
审稿时长
55 days
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