The Therapeutic Effect of Silymarin and Silibinin on Depression and Anxiety Disorders and Possible Mechanism in the Brain: A Systematic Review.

Q3 Psychology Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.2174/1871524923666230823094403

Sahar Rostamian, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani, Catherine M T Sherwin

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Abstract

Background: Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders worldwide.

Objective: We aimed to review silymarin and silibinin effects and underlying mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) for depression and anxiety treatment.

Methods: The research protocol was prepared based on following the PRISMA statement. An extensive search was done in essential databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (ISI), Embase, and Scopus. Considering the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies were finally included. The desired information was extracted from the studies and recorded in Excel, and the consequences and mechanisms were reviewed.

Results: Silymarin and silibinin upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and improved neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation in the cortex and hippocampus. They also increased neurochemical serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) levels. Silymarin and silibinin reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and increased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, silymarin and silibinin reduced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-12β, reducing tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced neuroinflammation.

Conclusion: Silymarin and silibinin exert anti-depression and anxiolytic effects by regulating neurotransmitters, endocrine, neurogenesis, and immunologic systems. Therefore, as natural and complementary medicines, they can be used to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety; However, more clinical studies are needed in this field.

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水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾对抑郁症和焦虑症的治疗作用及其可能的脑机制：系统综述。

背景：抑郁症和焦虑症是世界范围内最常见的精神障碍。目的：我们旨在综述水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾在中枢神经系统（CNS）治疗抑郁和焦虑的作用及其潜在机制。方法：根据PRISMA声明编制研究方案。在PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science（ISI）、Embase和Scopus等重要数据库中进行了广泛的搜索。考虑到研究纳入和排除标准，最终纳入了17项研究。从研究中提取所需信息并记录在Excel中，并对结果和机制进行了审查。结果：水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾上调了脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），并改善了皮层和海马的神经干细胞（NSCs）增殖。他们还增加了神经化学血清素（5-HT）、多巴胺（DA）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）的水平。水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾减少了丙二醛（MDA）的形成，增加了谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性。此外，水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾降低了白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-1β和IL-12β，降低了肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）诱导的神经炎症。结论：水飞蓟素和水飞蓟宾通过调节神经递质、内分泌、神经发生和免疫系统发挥抗抑郁和抗焦虑作用。因此，作为天然的补充药物，它们可以用来减轻抑郁和焦虑的症状；然而，这一领域还需要更多的临床研究。

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来源期刊

Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry Psychology-Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

0.00%

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期刊介绍： Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design for the discovery of new central nervous system agents. Containing a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of current topics, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments in the field.