Epigenetic and Epitranscriptomic Factors Make a Mark on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development.

IF 2.3 Q4 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Current Stem Cell Reports Pub Date : 2018-03-01

Dionna M Kasper, Stefania Nicoli

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Abstract

Purpose of the review: Blood specification is a highly dynamic process, whereby committed hemogenic endothelial cells (ECs) progressively transdifferentiate into multipotent, self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Massive changes in gene expression must occur to switch cell identity, however the factors that mediate such an effect were a mystery until recently. This review summarizes the higher-order mechanisms involved in endothelial to hematopoietic reprogramming identified thus far.

Recent findings: Accumulating evidence from mouse and zebrafish studies reveal that numerous chromatin-modifying (epigenetic) and RNA-modifying (epitranscriptomic) factors are required for the formation of HSCs from hemogenic endothelium. These genes function throughout the endothelial-hematopoietic transition, suggesting a dynamic interplay between 'epi'-machineries.

Summary: Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic regulation are key mechanisms for reshaping global EC gene expression patterns to those that support HSC production. Future studies that capture modification dynamics should bring us closer to a complete understanding of how HSCs transition from hemogenic endothelium at the molecular level.

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表观遗传和表转录组学因素在造血干细胞发育中的作用

综述目的:血液分化是一个高度动态的过程，在这个过程中，造血内皮细胞(ECs)逐渐向多能、自我更新的造血干细胞(hsc)转化。基因表达的巨大变化必须发生才能改变细胞身份，然而，介导这种影响的因素直到最近才成为一个谜。本文综述了迄今为止发现的内皮细胞到造血细胞重编程的高阶机制。最近的发现:来自小鼠和斑马鱼研究的越来越多的证据表明，许多染色质修饰(表观遗传)和rna修饰(表转录组)因子是造血内皮形成造血干细胞所必需的。这些基因在整个内皮-造血转变过程中发挥作用，表明epi机制之间存在动态相互作用。摘要:表观遗传和表转录组调控是将EC基因表达模式重塑为支持HSC产生的关键机制。捕获修饰动力学的未来研究将使我们更接近于在分子水平上完全理解造血干细胞如何从造血内皮转变。

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来源期刊

Current Stem Cell Reports Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The goal of this journal is to publish cutting-edge reviews on subjects pertinent to all aspects of stem cell research, therapy, ethics, commercialization, and policy. We aim to provide incisive, insightful, and balanced contributions from leading experts in each relevant domain that will be of immediate interest to a wide readership of clinicians, basic scientists, and translational investigators. We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the discipline. Section Editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year on their topics, in a crisp and readable format. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.