Moral reasoning behind the veil of ignorance: An investigation into perspective-taking accessibility in the context of autonomous vehicles

IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-08-26 DOI:10.1111/bjop.12679
Giovanni Bruno, Andrea Spoto, Michela Sarlo, Lorella Lotto, Alex Marson, Nicola Cellini, Simone Cutini
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Abstract

Perspective-taking (PT) accessibility has been recognized as an important factor in affecting moral reasoning, also playing a non-trivial role in moral investigation towards autonomous vehicles (AVs). A new proposal to deepen this effect leverages the principles of the veil of ignorance (VOI), as a moral reasoning device aimed to control self-interested decisions by limiting the access to specific perspectives and to potentially biased information. Throughout two studies, we deepen the role of VOI reasoning in the moral perception of AVs, disclosing personal and contingent information progressively throughout the experiment. With the use of the moral trilemma paradigm, two different VOI conditions were operationalized, inspired by the Original Position theory by John Rawls and the Equiprobability Model by John Harsanyi. Evidence suggests a significant role of VOI reasoning in affecting moral reasoning, which seems not independent from the order in which information is revealed. Coherently, a detrimental effect of self-involvement on utilitarian behaviours was detected. These results highlight the importance of considering PT accessibility and self-involvement when investigating moral attitudes towards AVs, since it can help the intelligibility of general concerns and hesitations towards this new technology.

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无知面纱下的道德推理:自动驾驶汽车背景下的透视可及性调查。
视角选择(PT)的可及性已被认为是影响道德推理的一个重要因素,在对自动驾驶汽车(AV)的道德调查中也发挥着非同小可的作用。为深化这一影响,我们提出了一项新建议,即利用 "无知的面纱"(VOI)原则,将其作为一种道德推理工具,旨在通过限制特定视角和潜在偏差信息的获取来控制自利决策。通过两项研究,我们深化了 "无知推理 "在反车辆道德认知中的作用,在整个实验过程中逐步披露个人信息和偶然信息。受约翰-罗尔斯(John Rawls)的 "原初立场"(Original Position)理论和约翰-哈桑尼(John Harsanyi)的 "等概率模型"(Equiprobability Model)的启发,我们使用道德三难范式(moral trilemma paradigm),对两种不同的VOI条件进行了操作。有证据表明,VOI 推理在影响道德推理方面起着重要作用,这似乎与信息揭示的顺序无关。同时,还发现了自我卷入对功利行为的不利影响。这些结果凸显了在调查对 AV 的道德态度时考虑 PT 可及性和自我参与的重要性,因为这有助于理解对这一新技术的普遍担忧和犹豫。
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来源期刊
British journal of psychology
British journal of psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
2.50%
发文量
67
期刊介绍: The British Journal of Psychology publishes original research on all aspects of general psychology including cognition; health and clinical psychology; developmental, social and occupational psychology. For information on specific requirements, please view Notes for Contributors. We attract a large number of international submissions each year which make major contributions across the range of psychology.
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