Health Shocks and Economic Well-being of the Aging Population: Evidence from Mexico.

IF 1.3 Q3 GERONTOLOGY Journal of Population Ageing Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-01-28 DOI:10.1007/s12062-021-09349-z
Deborah S DeGraff, Susan W Parker, Karina Orozco-Rocha, Rebeca Wong
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Abstract

We exploit the longitudinal Mexican Health and Aging Study to estimate the effects of health shocks in the short-run on the subsequent economic well-being of the aging population in Mexico. While there is substantial evidence indicating negative economic effects of such changes in industrialized countries, little is known about health impacts on the future economic position of older adults in low- and middle-income countries. This paper takes an important step towards filling this gap in knowledge. Our results are widely relevant, with a large percentage of the world's population residing in developing countries such as Mexico that are experiencing rapid aging. We find evidence of negative impacts of health shocks on subsequent economic well-being of older adults in Mexico, but the effect varies according to several dimensions. First, the impact is clearly on income, not wealth. Second, responses are heterogenous across sources of income, with evidence of an impact mainly on labor income. Third, we find clear differences by gender in the impact of a health shock, with a larger negative impact on men. Fourth, we conclude that the population groups most negatively affected are those with the greatest degree of vulnerability prior to the shock, as measured by education and access to health insurance. Even though Mexico has made important gains with anti-poverty programs such as the Programa 70+ pension and a move towards universal health insurance, additional interventions targeted at the most vulnerable subsets of the aging population might be warranted.

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老龄人口的健康冲击和经济福祉:墨西哥的证据
我们利用墨西哥健康与老龄化纵向研究来估算健康冲击在短期内对墨西哥老龄人口后续经济福祉的影响。虽然有大量证据表明工业化国家的此类变化会对经济产生负面影响,但人们对中低收入国家老年人的健康对其未来经济状况的影响知之甚少。本文为填补这一知识空白迈出了重要一步。我们的研究结果具有广泛的相关性,世界上很大一部分人口居住在墨西哥等发展中国家,这些国家正在经历快速老龄化。我们发现有证据表明,健康冲击对墨西哥老年人日后的经济福祉有负面影响,但这种影响因几个方面而异。首先,这种影响显然是对收入而非财富的影响。其次,对不同收入来源的影响是不同的,有证据表明主要是对劳动收入的影响。第三,我们发现不同性别在健康冲击的影响方面存在明显差异,男性受到的负面影响更大。第四,我们得出的结论是,受负面影响最大的人群是那些在冲击发生前最脆弱的人群,这可以通过教育程度和医疗保险的获得情况来衡量。尽管墨西哥在 70 岁以上人口养老金计划等反贫困计划和全民医疗保险方面取得了重大进展,但仍有必要针对老龄人口中最脆弱的群体采取更多干预措施。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: The Journal of Population Ageing examines the broad questions arising from global population ageing. It provides a forum for international cross-disciplinary debate on population ageing, focusing on theoretical and empirical research and methodological innovation and development. This interdisciplinary journal publishes editorials, original peer reviewed articles, and subject and literature reviews. It offers high quality research of interest to those working in the fields of demography, bio-demography, development studies, area studies, sociology, geography, history, social gerontology, economics, and social and health policy.
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