Comparison of mortality and feeding behavior of the false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus and the lance blenny A. dussumieri regarding the effects of mimicry.

Abstract

Many examples of mimicry have been reported in coral reef fishes of which the most well known is the mimicry of the bluestreak cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus by the false cleanerfish, Aspidontus taeniatus. To examine the effect of protective and aggressive mimicry of A. taeniatus, mortality and feeding behavior were compared with those of the non-mimic lance blenny, Aspidontus dussumieri, by field observations on the coral reefs of Miyako Island, Okinawa, southern Japan. Survival rate of A. taeniatus was more than twice higher than that of A. dussumieri, but the detected differences were not significant, and the effect of protective mimicry could not be determined. The benthic foods common to both species (the tubeworm, Spirobranchus giganteus, and the boring clam, Tridacna crocea) were very scarce in the study sites, and the feeding behavior of the two species was clearly different: A. dussumieri pecked at the bottom substrate, whereas A. taeniatus fed on fish fins and eggs of damselfish, regardless of body size. Our findings are the first documented evidence of the effect of aggressive mimicry on biting fish fins in relation to the availability of other foods not only in small but also in large A. taeniatus.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10164-022-00769-8.