Changes in Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms in a Brazilian Sample During Quarantine Across the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Crisis.

IF 1.7 4区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Psychological Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-18 DOI:10.1177/00332941231152393

Miguel Blacutt, Alberto Filgueiras, Matthew Stults-Kolehmainen

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Abstract

Objective: We aimed to estimate prevalence and incidence of stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: We assessed 103 (54 women, 49 men) participants online in three periods of the pandemic: March 2020 (T1), April 2020 (T2), and June 2020 (T3). Estimates of prevalence and incidence were identified when mental health scores were two standard deviations above the mean compared to normative data. Mental health indicators were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale, the Filgueiras Depression Index, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - State Subscale.

Results: At T1, 89% of individuals were below cut-off scores for stress, anxiety, and depression, which dropped to 35% by T3. Estimated stress prevalence was 1.9% at T1, 7.8% at T2, and 28.2% at T3. Estimated depression prevalence was 0% at T1, 23.3% at T2, and 25.2% at T3. Estimated state anxiety prevalence was 10.7% at T1, 11.7% at T2, and 45.6% at T3. Stress incidence increased by 7.8% from T1 to T2, and 23.3% from T2 to T3. Depression incidence increased by 23.3% from T1 to T2, and 15.5% from T2 to T3. Anxiety incidence increased by 9.7% from T1 to T2, and 39.8% from T2 to T3. Stress severity scores significantly increased from 16.1 ± 8.7 at T1 to 23.5 ± 8.4 at T2, and 30.3 ± 6.0 at T3. Depression severity scores significantly increased from 48.5 ± 20.5 at T1 to 64.7 ± 30.2 at T2, and 75.9 ± 26.1 at T3. Anxiety increased from 49.0 ± 13.4 at T1 to 53.5 ± 12.5 at T2 and 62.3 ± 13.4 at T3. Females had significantly higher anxiety scores than males by T3 (66.7 ± 11.8 vs. 57.4 ± 13.5).

Conclusion: Prevalence and incidence of stress, depression, and anxiety significantly increased throughout the pandemic. The largest increase in stress and anxiety occurred between T2 and T3, and between T1 and T2 for depression. Severity of stress, depression, and anxiety increased throughout the study.

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在 COVID-19 危机的早期阶段，巴西样本在隔离期间的压力、抑郁和焦虑症状的变化。

目的我们旨在估计 COVID-19 大流行期间巴西人的压力、抑郁和焦虑症状的流行率和发生率：我们在大流行的三个时期对 103 名参与者（54 名女性，49 名男性）进行了在线评估：2020年3月（T1）、2020年4月（T2）和2020年6月（T3）。与常模数据相比，当心理健康得分高于平均值两个标准差时，就可以确定流行率和发病率的估计值。心理健康指标采用感知压力量表、Filgueiras 抑郁指数和状态-特质焦虑量表-状态分量表进行测量：在 T1 阶段，89% 的人的压力、焦虑和抑郁得分低于临界值，到 T3 阶段，这一比例降至 35%。估计压力发生率在 T1 为 1.9%，T2 为 7.8%，T3 为 28.2%。估计抑郁症患病率在 T1 为 0%，T2 为 23.3%，T3 为 25.2%。估计的状态焦虑发生率在 T1 为 10.7%，T2 为 11.7%，T3 为 45.6%。压力发生率从 T1 到 T2 增加了 7.8%，从 T2 到 T3 增加了 23.3%。抑郁发生率从 T1 到 T2 增加了 23.3%，从 T2 到 T3 增加了 15.5%。焦虑发生率从 T1 到 T2 增加了 9.7%，从 T2 到 T3 增加了 39.8%。压力严重程度得分从 T1 的 16.1 ± 8.7 显著增加到 T2 的 23.5 ± 8.4，T3 的 30.3 ± 6.0。抑郁严重程度得分从 T1 的 48.5 ± 20.5 分大幅上升至 T2 的 64.7 ± 30.2 分和 T3 的 75.9 ± 26.1 分。焦虑从 T1 的 49.0 ± 13.4 增加到 T2 的 53.5 ± 12.5 和 T3 的 62.3 ± 13.4。到 T3 时，女性的焦虑得分明显高于男性（66.7 ± 11.8 vs. 57.4 ± 13.5）：结论：在整个大流行期间，压力、抑郁和焦虑的流行率和发生率都明显增加。压力和焦虑的最大增幅出现在 T2 和 T3 之间，抑郁的最大增幅出现在 T1 和 T2 之间。在整个研究过程中，压力、抑郁和焦虑的严重程度都在增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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