HLA-DQ antibodies in alloimmunity, what makes them different?

IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 TRANSPLANTATION Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-23 DOI:10.1097/MOT.0000000000001079
Maria Meneghini, Anat R Tambur
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Abstract

Purpose of review: De novo HLA-DQ antibodies are the most frequently observed after solid-organ allotransplantation; and are associated with the worse adverse graft outcomes compared with all other HLA antibodies. However, the biological explanation for this observation is not yet known. Herein, we examine unique characteristics of alloimmunity directed specifically against HLA-DQ molecules.

Recent findings: While investigators attempted to decipher functional properties of HLA class II antigens that may explain their immunogenicity and pathogenicity, most early studies focused on the more expressed molecule - HLA-DR. We here summarize up-to-date literature documenting specific features of HLA-DQ, as compared to other class II HLA antigens. Structural and cell-surface expression differences have been noted on various cell types. Some evidence suggests variations in antigen-presenting function and intracellular activation pathways after antigen/antibody interaction.

Summary: The clinical effects of donor-recipient incompatibility at HLA-DQ, the risk of generating de novo antibodies leading to rejection, and the inferior graft outcomes indicate increased immunogenicity and pathogenicity that is unique to this HLA antigen. Clearly, knowledge generated for HLA-DR cannot be applied interchangeably. Deeper understanding of features unique to HLA-DQ may support the generation of targeted preventive-therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve solid-organ transplant outcomes.

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同种免疫中的HLA-DQ抗体,是什么使它们不同?
综述的目的:实体器官移植后最常见的是HLA-DQ抗体;并且与所有其他HLA抗体相比,与更差的移植物不良结果相关。然而,对这一观察结果的生物学解释尚不清楚。在此,我们研究了特异性针对HLA-DQ分子的同种免疫的独特特征。最近的发现:虽然研究人员试图破译HLA II类抗原的功能特性,以解释其免疫原性和致病性,但大多数早期研究都集中在表达更高的分子HLA-DR上。我们在这里总结了最新文献,记录了HLA-DQ与其他II类HLA抗原相比的特定特征。在各种细胞类型上已经注意到结构和细胞表面表达的差异。一些证据表明,抗原/抗体相互作用后,抗原呈递功能和细胞内激活途径发生了变化。摘要:HLA-DQ供受体不相容性的临床影响、产生导致排斥反应的从头抗体的风险以及较差的移植物结果表明,这种HLA抗原特有的免疫原性和致病性增加。显然,针对HLA-DR产生的知识不能互换应用。对HLA-DQ特有特征的深入了解可能有助于制定有针对性的预防性治疗策略,并最终改善实体器官移植的结果。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.50%
发文量
124
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: ​​​​​​Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation is an indispensable resource featuring key, up-to-date and important advances in the field from around the world. Led by renowned guest editors for each section, every bimonthly issue of Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation delivers a fresh insight into topics such as stem cell transplantation, immunosuppression, tolerance induction and organ preservation and procurement. With 18 sections in total, the journal provides a convenient and thorough review of the field and will be of interest to researchers, surgeons and other healthcare professionals alike.
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