Prevalence of Toxocara eggs in Latin American parks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Q2 Medicine Infezioni in Medicina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.53854/liim-3103-7
D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Laura Valentina Morales-Garcia, Juan R Ulloque Badaracco, Melany D Mosquera-Rojas, Esteban A Alarcón-Braga, Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante, Ali Al-Kassab-Córdova, Vicente A Benites-Zapata, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Olinda Delgado
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Abstract

Introduction Toxocariasis is an infection caused in canines, felines, humans, and other vertebrates by species of the genus Toxocara, such as T. canis and T. cati. The embryonated eggs of these parasites are the main form of acquisition of the infection both for definitive hosts, such as the dog and the cat, respectively and for paratenic hosts, such as humans and other vertebrates. Toxocariasis infection in humans causes visceral larva migrans syndrome. When deposited on park soils, environmental contamination becomes a risk for environmental, human, and animal health. Objective To systemically estimate the prevalence of Toxocara spp. eggs in park soils in Latin America. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the prevalence of Toxocara eggs in park soils in Latin America, defined by copro-parasitological, molecular and immunological techniques. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Embase, LILACS and SciELO for studies published from 1900 through 28 January 2023. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Heterogeneity was measured through I2 statistics. Results Forty-nine studies (2,508 parks and 12,833 samples) were included, of whom 44 had a low risk of bias. The pooled prevalence of Toxocara eggs in parks in Latin America was 50.0% (95% CI: 40.0%-60.0%). Argentina had the highest prevalence of Toxocara eggs in parks (100%), followed by Brazil (66%) and Venezuela (63%). The pooled prevalence of Toxocara eggs in soil samples was 20.0% (95% CI: 14.0%-26.0%); in faecal samples, it was 13.0% (95% CI: 6.0%-23.0%). Conclusion The presence of Toxocara canis eggs in public parks in Latin America is a zoonotic and public health threat for the people who go to these places, especially if children play on the ground with dirt or contaminated objects; since many pet owners and general public are not adequately informed about the mode of transmission of this parasite.
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拉丁美洲公园中弓形虫卵的流行:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
简介:弓形虫病是由犬弓形虫属物种如犬弓形虫和猫弓形虫引起的犬、猫、人类和其他脊椎动物感染。这些寄生虫的胚胎卵是最终宿主(如狗和猫)和副宿主(如人类和其他脊椎动物)获得感染的主要形式。人类感染弓形虫病可引起内脏幼虫迁移综合征。环境污染一旦沉积在公园土壤上,就会对环境、人类和动物的健康构成威胁。目的:系统估计拉丁美洲公园土壤中弓形虫卵的流行情况。方法:采用共寄生虫学、分子和免疫学技术对拉丁美洲公园土壤中弓形虫卵的流行情况进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。我们检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Sciences、Embase、LILACS和SciELO从1900年到2023年1月28日发表的研究。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析,计算合并患病率和95%置信区间(95% CI)。通过I2统计量测定异质性。结果:纳入49项研究(2508个公园和12833个样本),其中44项具有低偏倚风险。拉丁美洲公园弓形虫卵总流行率为50.0% (95% CI: 40.0% ~ 60.0%)。阿根廷公园中弓形虫卵的流行率最高(100%),其次是巴西(66%)和委内瑞拉(63%)。土壤样品中弓形虫卵的总流行率为20.0% (95% CI: 14.0% ~ 26.0%);在粪便样本中,为13.0% (95% CI: 6.0%-23.0%)。结论:拉丁美洲公共公园中犬弓形虫卵的存在对前往这些地方的人员构成人畜共患和公共卫生威胁,特别是儿童在地上玩泥土或被污染的物体;由于许多宠物主人和公众没有充分了解这种寄生虫的传播方式。
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来源期刊
Infezioni in Medicina
Infezioni in Medicina Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
62
期刊介绍: The Journal publishes original papers, in Italian or in English, on topics concerning aetiopathogenesis, prevention, epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical features and therapy of infections, whose acceptance is subject to the referee’s assessment. The Journal is of interest not only to infectious disease specialists, microbiologists and pharmacologists, but also to internal medicine specialists, paediatricians, pneumologists, and to surgeons as well. The Editorial Board includes experts in each of the above mentioned fields.
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