Physiologic Effects of Prolonged Terminal Anesthesia in Sheep (Ovis gmelini aries).

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Comparative medicine Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI:10.30802/AALAS-CM-21-000103
Nina E Trimmel, Melanie M Hierweger, Simone Jucker, Lisa Windhofer, Miriam Weisskopf
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Abstract

The ruminant alimentary tract and its effects on blood homeostasis complicate prolonged terminal studies conducted under general anesthesia in sheep. We therefore studied 15 healthy female white alpine sheep that were undergoing prolonged anesthesia (> 30 h) for an unrelated terminal study. In the current study, all sheep developed a decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration after induction of anesthesia, which fell further, along with a significant decrease in white blood cell count, over the course of anesthesia. Sheep also showed an initial hyponatremia, a persistent hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and a progressive hyperchloremia. A significant drop in blood pH developed over time despite normal values of blood lactate and a marked decline in partial pressure of carbon dioxide over the course of the experiment. The latter consequently reduced the efficacy of mechanical ventilation, as reflected in a reduced oxygen partial pressure. A significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase was observed. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate significantly decreased over time, but remained within normotensive and normocardic limits. Central venous pressure rose significantly over the course of anesthesia. In conclusion, prolonged anesthesia in sheep is associated with a wide range of complex physi- ologic changes. An in-depth understanding of all metabolic compensatory mechanisms and their underlying cause during prolonged anesthesia is necessary for interpreting data from the primary study, with special considerations to account for ruminant-specific physiology.

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延长终末麻醉对绵羊的生理影响。
反刍动物消化道及其对血液稳态的影响使绵羊全身麻醉下进行的长期终末研究复杂化。因此,我们研究了15只健康的雌性高山白羊,它们正在接受长时间麻醉(> 30小时),以进行一项不相关的末期研究。在目前的研究中,所有的绵羊在麻醉诱导后都出现了血细胞比容和血红蛋白浓度的下降,在麻醉过程中,血细胞比容和血红蛋白浓度进一步下降,白细胞计数也显著减少。绵羊也表现为初始低钠血症、持续性低钾血症、低钙血症和进行性高氯血症。随着时间的推移,血液pH值显著下降,尽管血乳酸值正常,二氧化碳分压在实验过程中显著下降。后者因此降低了机械通气的功效,反映在氧分压降低。乳酸脱氢酶和肌酐激酶显著升高。随着时间的推移,动脉血压和心率显著下降,但仍保持在正常血压和正常心率的范围内。中心静脉压在麻醉过程中显著升高。总之,绵羊的长时间麻醉与一系列复杂的生理变化有关。深入了解长时间麻醉期间的所有代谢代偿机制及其潜在原因对于解释初步研究的数据是必要的,并特别考虑到反刍动物特有的生理学。
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来源期刊
Comparative medicine
Comparative medicine 医学-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comparative Medicine (CM), an international journal of comparative and experimental medicine, is the leading English-language publication in the field and is ranked by the Science Citation Index in the upper third of all scientific journals. The mission of CM is to disseminate high-quality, peer-reviewed information that expands biomedical knowledge and promotes human and animal health through the study of laboratory animal disease, animal models of disease, and basic biologic mechanisms related to disease in people and animals.
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