Antibody Response to Inactive SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in a Cohort of Elderly Patients Living with Obesity.

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Obesity Facts Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-25 DOI:10.1159/000530315

Zehra Kara, Rüveyda Akçin, Ahmet Numan Demir, Harika Oyku Dinc, Bekir Kocazeybek, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk

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Abstract

Introduction: Obesity and aging negatively affect the immune system and host defense mechanisms, increasing vulnerability to and worsening prognosis of infectious diseases, leading to vaccine failure. Our aim was to investigate the antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antigens and the risk factors affecting antibody levels in elderly patients living with obesity (PwO) after inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) administration.

Methods: One hundred twenty-three consecutive elderly patients with obesity (age ≥65 years, body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) and 47 adults with obesity (age 18-64 years, BMI ≥30 kg/m2) admitted between August and November 2021 were enrolled. Seventy-five nonobese elderly people (age ≥65 years, BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2) and 105 nonobese adults (age 18-64 years, BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2) were recruited from subjects who visited the Vaccination Unit. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titers were measured in patients with obesity and nonobese controls who received two doses of CoronaVac.

Results: SARS-CoV-2 levels of patients with obesity were found to be significantly lower than those of nonobese elderly individuals who had non-prior infection. There was no difference in SARS-CoV-2 levels between patients with obesity and nonobese individuals with prior infection. Age and SARS-CoV-2 level were found to be highly correlated in the correlation analysis in the group of elderly individuals (r: -0.184). In multivariate regression analysis, when SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin class G (IgG) was regressed on age, sex, BMI, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension (HT), HT was found to be an independent factor of the SARS-CoV-2 level (β: -2,730).

Conclusion: In the non-prior infection group, elderly patients with obesity generated significantly reduced antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen after CoronaVac vaccine compared to nonobese people. It is anticipated that the results obtained will provide invaluable information about SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies in this vulnerable population. Antibody titers may be measured, and booster doses should be delivered accordingly in elderly PwO for optimal protection.

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肥胖老年患者队列中对非活性严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型疫苗的抗体反应。

引言：肥胖和衰老会对免疫系统和宿主防御机制产生负面影响，增加感染性疾病的脆弱性并恶化其预后，导致疫苗失效。我们的目的是研究老年肥胖患者在接种无活性的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型疫苗（CoronaVac）后对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2中刺突抗原的抗体反应以及影响抗体水平的风险因素。方法：纳入2021年8月至11月期间收治的123名连续的老年肥胖患者（年龄≥65岁，体重指数[BBMI]≥30kg/m2）和47名成人肥胖患者（18-64岁，BMI≥30k/m2）。75名非肥胖老年人（年龄≥65岁，BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2）和105名非肥胖成年人（年龄18-64岁，BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2）从到访疫苗接种室的受试者中招募。在接受两剂CoronaVac治疗的肥胖患者和非肥胖对照组中测量了严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型刺突蛋白抗体滴度。肥胖患者和既往感染过的非肥胖患者之间的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型水平没有差异。在老年人组的相关性分析中，年龄和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型水平高度相关（r：-0.184）。在多变量回归分析中，当严重急性呼吸细胞综合征冠状病毒二型免疫球蛋白G类（IgG）在年龄、性别、BMI、2型糖尿病和高血压（HT）方面回归时，HT被发现是严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型水平（β：-2730）的一个独立因素。结论：在非既往感染组中，与非肥胖者相比，接种CoronaVac疫苗后，老年肥胖患者产生的针对严重急性呼吸系统冠状病毒2型刺突抗原的抗体滴度显著降低。预计所获得的结果将为这一弱势群体的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型疫苗接种策略提供宝贵信息。可以测量抗体滴度，并在老年PwO中相应地提供加强剂量，以获得最佳保护。

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来源期刊

Obesity Facts 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： ''Obesity Facts'' publishes articles covering all aspects of obesity, in particular epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, treatment, and the prevention of adiposity. As obesity is related to many disease processes, the journal is also dedicated to all topics pertaining to comorbidity and covers psychological and sociocultural aspects as well as influences of nutrition and exercise on body weight. The editors carefully select papers to present only the most recent findings in clinical practice and research. All professionals concerned with obesity issues will find this journal a most valuable update to keep them abreast of the latest scientific developments.