The Metabolic Role and Therapeutic Potential of the Microbiome.

IF 22 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI:10.1210/endrev/bnac004
Louise E Olofsson, Fredrik Bäckhed
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引用次数: 18

Abstract

We are host to an assembly of microorganisms that vary in structure and function along the length of the gut and from the lumen to the mucosa. This ecosystem is collectively known as the gut microbiota and significant efforts have been spent during the past 2 decades to catalog and functionally describe the normal gut microbiota and how it varies during a wide spectrum of disease states. The gut microbiota is altered in several cardiometabolic diseases and recent work has established microbial signatures that may advance disease. However, most research has focused on identifying associations between the gut microbiota and human diseases states and to investigate causality and potential mechanisms using cells and animals. Since the gut microbiota functions on the intersection between diet and host metabolism, and can contribute to inflammation, several microbially produced metabolites and molecules may modulate cardiometabolic diseases. Here we discuss how the gut bacterial composition is altered in, and can contribute to, cardiometabolic disease, as well as how the gut bacteria can be targeted to treat and prevent metabolic diseases.

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微生物组的代谢作用和治疗潜力。
我们是一群微生物的宿主,这些微生物沿着肠道的长度和从管腔到粘膜的长度在结构和功能上各不相同。这个生态系统被统称为肠道微生物群,在过去的20年里,人们花费了大量的精力来编目和功能描述正常的肠道微生物群,以及它在广泛的疾病状态下是如何变化的。肠道微生物群在几种心脏代谢疾病中发生改变,最近的工作已经建立了可能促进疾病的微生物特征。然而,大多数研究都集中在确定肠道微生物群与人类疾病状态之间的联系,并利用细胞和动物研究因果关系和潜在机制。由于肠道微生物群在饮食和宿主代谢的交叉点上起作用,并可能导致炎症,因此一些微生物产生的代谢物和分子可能调节心脏代谢疾病。在这里,我们讨论肠道细菌组成如何在心脏代谢疾病中改变,以及如何促进心脏代谢疾病,以及肠道细菌如何靶向治疗和预防代谢疾病。
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来源期刊
Endocrine reviews
Endocrine reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
42.00
自引率
1.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Endocrine Reviews, published bimonthly, features concise timely reviews updating key mechanistic and clinical concepts, alongside comprehensive, authoritative articles covering both experimental and clinical endocrinology themes. The journal considers topics informing clinical practice based on emerging and established evidence from clinical research. It also reviews advances in endocrine science stemming from studies in cell biology, immunology, pharmacology, genetics, molecular biology, neuroscience, reproductive medicine, and pediatric endocrinology.
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