Mucosal immune responses in COVID19 - a living review.

Oxford open immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-25 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1093/oxfimm/iqab002
Claire F Pearson, Rebecca Jeffery, Emily E Thornton
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Abstract

COVID-19 was initially characterized as a disease primarily of the lungs, but it is becoming increasingly clear that the SARS-CoV2 virus is able to infect many organs and cause a broad pathological response. The primary infection site is likely to be a mucosal surface, mainly the lungs or the intestine, where epithelial cells can be infected with virus. Although it is clear that virus within the lungs can cause severe pathology, driven by an exaggerated immune response, infection within the intestine generally seems to cause minor or no symptoms. In this review, we compare the disease processes between the lungs and gastrointestinal tract, and what might drive these different responses. As the microbiome is a key part of mucosal barrier sites, we also consider the effect that microbial species may play on infection and the subsequent immune responses. Because of difficulties obtaining tissue samples, there are currently few studies focused on the local mucosal response rather than the systemic response, but understanding the local immune response will become increasingly important for understanding the mechanisms of disease in order to develop better treatments.

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COVID19 中的粘膜免疫反应--生动回顾。
COVID-19 最初被定性为主要是肺部疾病,但现在越来越清楚的是,SARS-CoV2 病毒能够感染许多器官,并引起广泛的病理反应。主要感染部位可能是粘膜表面,主要是肺部或肠道,上皮细胞可感染病毒。虽然肺部的病毒显然会在夸大的免疫反应的驱动下引起严重的病理变化,但肠道内的感染似乎一般不会引起症状或症状较轻。在这篇综述中,我们将比较肺部和胃肠道的疾病过程,以及可能驱动这些不同反应的因素。由于微生物群是粘膜屏障部位的关键部分,我们还考虑了微生物物种可能对感染和随后的免疫反应产生的影响。由于难以获得组织样本,目前侧重于局部粘膜反应而非全身反应的研究很少,但了解局部免疫反应对于了解疾病机制以开发更好的治疗方法将变得越来越重要。
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CiteScore
2.20
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0.00%
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0
审稿时长
9 weeks
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