Evaluation of Anticancer and Cytotoxic Effects of Genistein on PC3 Prostate Cell Line under Three-Dimensional Culture Medium

Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Iranian Biomedical Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI:10.52547/ibj.3711

Seyedeh Masoumeh Khamesi, Mehdi Salehi Barough, Jamil Zargan, Mohsen Shayesteh, Nooshin Banaee, Ashkan Haji Noormohammadi, Hani Keshavarz Alikhani, Mohsen Mousavi

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease and mortality among men. Genistein (GNT) is an isoflavone found naturally in legumes. Isoflavones, a subset of phytoestrogens, are structurally similar to mammalian estrogens. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer and cytotoxic effects of GNT on PC3 cell line under three dimensional (3D) culture medium.

Methods: The 3D culture was created by encapsulating the PC3 cells in alginate hydrogel. MTT assay, neutral red uptake, comet assay, and cytochrome C assay were used to study the anticancer and cytotoxic effects of GNT at 120, 240, and 480 μM concentrations. Also, nitric oxide (NO), catalase, and glutathione assay levels were determined to evaluate the effect of GNT on the cellular stress. The culture medium was used as the negative control.

Results: GNT reduced the production of cellular NO and increased the production of catalase and glutathione, confirming the results of the NO test. Evaluation of the toxicity effect of GNT at the concentrations of 120, 240, and 480 μM using comet assay showed that this chemical agent induces apoptosis in PC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. As the level of cytochrome C in PC3 cells treated with different concentrations of GNT was not significantly different from that of the control, GNT could induce apoptosis in PC3 cells through the non-mitochondrial pathway.

Conclusion: The findings of this study disclose that the anticancer effect of GNT on PC3 cells under 3D culture conditions could increase the effectiveness of treatment. Also, the cell survival rate is dependent on GNT concentration.

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染料木素对前列腺PC3细胞株三维培养的抗癌和细胞毒作用评价

背景:前列腺癌是男性疾病和死亡的主要原因。染料木素(GNT)是一种天然存在于豆类中的异黄酮。异黄酮是植物雌激素的一个子集，在结构上与哺乳动物雌激素相似。本研究旨在探讨GNT在三维(3D)培养基下对PC3细胞株的抗癌和细胞毒作用。方法:采用海藻酸盐水凝胶包埋PC3细胞进行三维培养。采用MTT法、中性红摄取法、彗星法和细胞色素C法研究了GNT在120、240和480 μM浓度下的抗癌和细胞毒作用。同时，测定一氧化氮(NO)、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽水平，以评估GNT对细胞应激的影响。以培养基为阴性对照。结果:GNT降低了细胞NO的产生，增加了过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽的产生，证实了NO试验的结果。采用彗星试验评价GNT在120、240和480 μM浓度下的毒性作用，结果表明该化学制剂诱导PC3细胞凋亡呈剂量依赖性。不同浓度GNT处理PC3细胞后，细胞色素C水平与对照组差异不显著，说明GNT可通过非线粒体途径诱导PC3细胞凋亡。结论:本研究结果揭示了GNT在3D培养条件下对PC3细胞的抗癌作用可以提高治疗效果。此外，细胞存活率依赖于GNT浓度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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