Effect of Topical Sesame Oil on the Severity of Pain in Patients With Limb Trauma: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of topical use of sesame oil on pain severity in patients with limb trauma.

Methods

A placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial was conducted on 120 patients with nonpenetrating upper and lower limb traumas admitted to the trauma emergency department. The patients were allocated to either the sesame oil group or the placebo group using the stratified random sampling technique based on trauma size and age. Depending on the trauma area, sesame or placebo oil were poured on the trauma site and massaged for 5 to 7 minutes. The intervention was repeated twice a day for 3 days at home. Pain severity was measured using the numeric pain scale before intervention on the first day and 30 minutes after each intervention for 3 days, twice a day. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests including the independent t test, χ² test, Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman test, and multiple linear regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results

The decreasing trend of pain was significant in both the intervention and placebo groups (P < .001). Comparison of the trend of changes in pain scores between the 2 groups showed that the mean changes of pain severity were higher in the intervention group compared with the placebo group in all assessments. There was a significant difference in the rate of analgesic consumption in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding pain severity. Pain reduction was negatively associated with body mass index (b = –0.091, P = .003), amount of received pain medication (b = –0.001, P = .039), and area of trauma (b = –0.002, P = .039). Pain reduction was greater in male patients than female patients (b = 0.676, P = .015). The effect of sesame oil on pain changes was not significant. No adverse side effects were reported.

Conclusion

This study showed that despite less use of analgesics in the intervention group than in the placebo group, sesame oil did not have any statistically significant effects on the severity of limb trauma pain. Further research is needed regarding the effect of topical sesame oil application on pain as a safe and uncomplicated intervention.