The Weight of Place: Built Environment Correlates of Obesity and Diabetes.

IF 22 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI:10.1210/endrev/bnac005
Nicholas A Howell, Gillian L Booth
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Abstract

In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes has risen substantially in North America and worldwide. To address these dual epidemics, researchers and policymakers alike have been searching for effective means to promote healthy lifestyles at a population level. As a consequence, there has been a proliferation of research examining how the "built" environment in which we live influences physical activity levels, by promoting active forms of transportation, such as walking and cycling, over passive ones, such as car use. Shifting the transportation choices of local residents may mean that more members of the population can participate in physical activity during their daily routine without structured exercise programs. Increasingly, this line of research has considered the downstream metabolic consequences of the environment in which we live, raising the possibility that "healthier" community designs could help mitigate the rise in obesity and diabetes prevalence. This review discusses the evidence examining the relationship between the built environment, physical activity, and obesity-related diseases. We also consider how other environmental factors may interact with the built environment to influence metabolic health, highlighting challenges in understanding causal relationships in this area of research.

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地方的分量:肥胖症和糖尿病的建筑环境相关因素。
近几十年来,肥胖症和糖尿病在北美和全世界的发病率大幅上升。为了应对这两种流行病,研究人员和政策制定者一直在寻找有效的方法,在人群中推广健康的生活方式。因此,越来越多的研究开始探讨我们生活的 "建筑 "环境如何影响体育锻炼水平,即如何促进步行和骑自行车等主动交通方式,而不是使用汽车等被动交通方式。改变当地居民的交通选择可能意味着更多的人可以在日常生活中参加体育锻炼,而无需参加有组织的锻炼计划。越来越多的研究考虑到了生活环境对下游代谢的影响,从而提出了 "更健康 "的社区设计有助于缓解肥胖症和糖尿病发病率上升的可能性。本综述讨论了研究建筑环境、体育锻炼和肥胖相关疾病之间关系的证据。我们还考虑了其他环境因素如何与建筑环境相互作用来影响代谢健康,并强调了在这一研究领域中理解因果关系所面临的挑战。
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来源期刊
Endocrine reviews
Endocrine reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
42.00
自引率
1.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Endocrine Reviews, published bimonthly, features concise timely reviews updating key mechanistic and clinical concepts, alongside comprehensive, authoritative articles covering both experimental and clinical endocrinology themes. The journal considers topics informing clinical practice based on emerging and established evidence from clinical research. It also reviews advances in endocrine science stemming from studies in cell biology, immunology, pharmacology, genetics, molecular biology, neuroscience, reproductive medicine, and pediatric endocrinology.
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