Interest, Incentives, and Education Towards Organic Golf Course Management: A Study of Utah Golf Course Superintendents

Paul G. Johnson, Adam Van Dyke, Erin Hodgson, Marion Murray, Kelly L. Kopp
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Extensive discussions of sustainability and environmental impact of golf course management have raised interest in how management can be changed to minimize impact. Management using natural organic methods is possible; however, they often do not provide the expected quality, especially during high disease pressure. In the arid West, disease pressure is much lower than humid regions, making organic management more possible. However, many factors influence turf management decisions made by golf course superintendents. We surveyed superintendents in Utah to explore management decisions and interest in organic programs, followed by online education offered on organic management. A survey in the following year explored how their practices changed in response to the education and other factors. In most cases, the superintendents themselves were the primary causes of change at their golf courses. While superintendents expressed some interest in organic practices, incentives to make those changes appeared limited. Interest in environmental issues increased, but for more than half of the respondents, no changes in management occurred. Already, Utah superintendents rely heavily on cultural practices but changes in management towards organic practices will likely require more effective products and management techniques together with interest by others at the golf course facilities.

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对有机高尔夫球场管理的兴趣、激励与教育:犹他州高尔夫球场管理者的研究
关于高尔夫球场管理的可持续性和环境影响的广泛讨论引起了人们对如何改变管理以尽量减少影响的兴趣。使用天然有机方法进行管理是可能的;然而,它们往往不能提供预期的质量,特别是在高疾病压力期间。在干旱的西部,疾病压力比潮湿地区低得多,使得有机管理更有可能。然而,许多因素影响着高尔夫球场管理者的草坪管理决策。我们调查了犹他州的管理者,以探索管理决策和对有机项目的兴趣,然后是提供有机管理的在线教育。第二年的一项调查探讨了他们的做法是如何随着教育和其他因素而改变的。在大多数情况下,管理者自己是高尔夫球场变化的主要原因。虽然管理者对有机实践表达了一些兴趣,但做出这些改变的动机似乎有限。对环境问题的兴趣增加了,但对一半以上的受访者来说,管理方面没有发生变化。犹他州的管理者已经在很大程度上依赖于文化实践,但向有机实践的管理转变可能需要更有效的产品和管理技术,以及其他人对高尔夫球场设施的兴趣。
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