Using dynamic dewpoint isotherms to determine the optimal storage conditions of inert dust-treated hard red winter wheat

Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Grain Oil Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.gaost.2020.06.004
Kouame Yao , Jennifer Anthony , Ronaldo Maghirang , David Hagstrum , Kunyan Zhu , Subramanyam Bhadriraju
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Water-solid interactions play a key role in determining the efficacy of inert dusts. The critical water activity (Awc) for phase transition in amorphous materials is an important characteristic of amorphous inert dusts used as grain protectants. As water activity (Aw) rises above Awc, amorphous dusts undergo a transition from glassy or vitreous state to rubbery state. Such a transition induces dramatic changes in material properties, texture and structure, and hence impact their performance as grain protectants. Full Dynamic Dewpoint Isotherms (DDI) of a synthetic amorphous zeolite intended for grain protection were generated using the Vapor Sorption Analyzer (VSA) to determine Awc by investigating the relationship between moisture content and Aw at constant temperatures. Sorption experimental data was fitted using three sorption isotherm models: Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB), Double Log Polynomial (DLP), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET). DLP model was the best model to estimate zeolite and wheat sorption isotherms. Full sorption isotherms of zeolite and wheat obtained at 25, 35, and 45 °C clearly showed the hysteresis phenomenon. The hysteresis loops were of type H3 for wheat, and of type H4 for zeolite powder. The intensity of hysteresis remained unchanged for wheat. However, the intensity of hysteresis decreased with increasing temperatures during water adsorption by porous zeolite powder. Monolayer moisture content values for each sorption direction were provided only by GAB and BET models and indicated a decrease in monolayer moisture content with an increase in temperature. The net isosteric heats of sorption and the differential enthalpy of zeolite estimated by the Clausius–Clapeyron equation and determined graphically decreased with increasing moisture content. Conversely, differential entropy of zeolite decreased with increasing zeolite moisture content. The optimal moisture content of inert dust for grain treatment was dependent on wheat moisture content and wheat storage temperature. This is the first time that a synthetic amorphous dust is being investigated for grain protection. Our results recommend the application of inert dusts at the optimal moisture content to mitigate moisture migration within the system “wheat-dust”, thus ensuring dust maximal efficacy.

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利用动态露点等温线确定惰性尘埃处理硬红冬小麦的最佳贮藏条件
水-固相互作用在决定惰性粉尘的功效方面起着关键作用。非晶材料相变的临界水活度(Awc)是用作晶粒保护剂的非晶惰性粉尘的一个重要特性。当水活度(Aw)高于Awc时,无定形粉尘经历从玻璃或玻璃态到橡胶态的转变。这种转变引起材料性能、质地和结构的巨大变化,从而影响其作为晶粒保护剂的性能。使用蒸汽吸附分析仪(VSA)生成用于谷物保护的合成无定形沸石的全动态露点等温线(DDI),通过研究恒定温度下水分含量与Aw之间的关系来确定Awc。采用Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB)、双对数多项式(DLP)和Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET)三种吸附等温线模型拟合吸附实验数据。DLP模型是估算沸石和小麦吸附等温线的最佳模型。沸石和小麦在25、35和45 ℃下的全吸附等温线清楚地显示了滞后现象。小麦滞回线为H3型,沸石粉滞回线为H4型。小麦的滞后强度保持不变。而多孔沸石粉体在吸附过程中,随着温度的升高,滞回强度减小。各个吸附方向的单层含水率值仅由GAB和BET模型提供,并表明单层含水率随温度升高而降低。用克劳修斯-克拉珀龙方程计算沸石的净等等吸附热和微分焓随含水率的增加而减小。相反,沸石的微分熵随沸石含水率的增加而减小。小麦含水率和小麦贮藏温度决定了惰性粉尘处理的最佳含水率。这是第一次研究合成的非晶态粉尘用于谷物保护。我们的研究结果建议在最佳水分含量下使用惰性粉尘,以减轻“小麦粉尘”系统内的水分迁移,从而确保粉尘的最大功效。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
69
审稿时长
12 weeks
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