Ingesta de fibra dietética y su relación con el perfil lipídico de adultos guatemaltecos

Abstract

Background

In Latin America, the epidemiological transition and the paradigm of chronic diseases have emerged, with cardiovascular diseases now the leading cause of morbidity.

Methods

As part of a multicentric study, the intake of dietetic fiber and its relationship with the levels of serum lipids was evaluated in 170 subjects residing in rural Guatemala.

Results

The average dietary energy intake for this population was 2521 ± 788 kcal, while that of dietary fiber was 37.4 ± 9,3 g/d. Lipid profile showed mean values of total cholesterol 202±44 mg/dl; triglicerides 209±97 mg/dl; HDL 26.7 ± 5.7 mg/dl; LDL 136 ± 42.0 mg/dl. We found no association between fiber intake and serum lipids.

Conclusions

The hypolipidemic effect of the fiber has a limit beyond which, no matter the increase inf the fiber consumption, the lipid levels will not reduce further. This leads to the speculation that the population could be on risk of hyperlipidemia if they did not consume the intakes of fiber reported. However, the population has greater intake of insoluble fiber; therefore is possible to hypothesize that the lipid levels have been reduce in a similar way in which case, the dose-response effect, is lost.