Review of Isolated DC Microgrid Coalescing Maximum Power Point Tracking and PV Array to Produce Electric Energy

Abstract

Isolated DC microgrid is independent of utility grid. It consists of distributed energy resource (DERs) as Photovoltaic (PV) solar array along with battery and connected loads. The objective of this concept is to cater the growing energy demand. In country like India, till now conventional energy resources have been used which are limited deposits. To equitable the rising demand for energy the best way is to switch with renewable resources for energy generation. Also in the obscure areas where it is nearly impossible to transmit electricity, this concept of isolated dc microgrid to electrify the remote areas can be implemented. Another advantage is that; it earns carbon credits. The entire system incorporates PV array along with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm and battery to maintain the voltage level since the nature of solar is intermittent in nature as the sun's radiance fluctuates every time. This is achieved by using MPPT charge controller. The electronically operating dc to dc converter is MPPT, which stands for Maximun Power Point Tracking. The energy derived from solar and battery is enhanced by MPPT controller. It also protects the battery from overcharging thus ensuring battery protection. The voltage obtained from MPPT is dc voltage and to run the ac load inverter circuit is used. This paper provides MPPT design using the perturb and observe method.