Marco jurídico legal de la desertificación: caso Tingopaccha, Junín

Abstract

espanolLa presente investigacion abarco un estudio del marco juridico, nacional e internacional, que regula un problema que se creia ajeno a nuestra realidad, la desertificacion, consistente en la degradacion de la tierra. Empero, como el Derecho tiene que ser analizado de forma casuistica, se tuvo como referencia el caso suscitado en la Comunidad campesina de Tingopaccha, anexo de Acolla, provincia de Jauja- Junin, originado por el monocultivo de maca en grandes extensiones. Es asi que, cuando se realizo el trabajo de campo se observo que el dano ocasionado en el paraje Juchupampa era mas grave de lo mencionado en el expediente administrativo. No obstante, a pesar de lo mediatico que se hizo este problema se pudo comprobar que subsiste, ya que se continua realizando monocultivos de maca, incluso en tierras virgenes. De ese modo, se pudo corroborar que existen muchos instrumentos legales que pueden hacerle frente a la desertificacion, como: la Convencion de las Naciones Unidas para la Lucha contra la Desertificacion, el Plan Estrategico Decenal 2008-2018, la Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre, la Estrategia Nacional de Lucha contra la Desertificacion 2016-2030, entre otros. En conclusion el problema no reside en el ordenamiento juridico sino en los operadores juridicos que la aplican; asimismo, que para combatir esto, mas alla de que exista una sancion pecuniaria, es necesario que se sancione esta conducta como delito contemplando como agravante el monocultivo. EnglishThe present investigation included a study of the legal framework, national and international, that regulates a problem that was thought alien to our reality, desertification, consisting of the degradation of the earth. However, as the law has to be analyzed in a casuistic form, reference was made to the case raised in the peasant community of Tingopaccha, Acolla annex, province of Jauja-Junin, originated by the monoculture of maca in large extensions. So that, when the field work took place it was observed that damage in the places of Juchupampa, it was more serious than mentioned in the administrative file. Nevertheless, in spite of the mediatic nature of this problem, it could be proven that it still exists, since monocultures of maca are still being carried out, even in virgin lands. Nevertheless, in spite of the mediatic nature of this problem, it could be proven that it still exists, since monocultures of maca are still being carried out, even in virgin lands. In this way, it was possible to corroborate that there are many legal instruments that can cope with desertification, such as: the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the 2008-2018 Strategic Plan, the Forestry and Wildlife Law, the National Strategy to Combat Desertifications 2016-2030, among others. In conclusion, the problem lies not in the legal system but in the legal operators that apply it; likewise, that in order to combat this, beyond the existence of a pecuniary sanction, it is necessary that this behavior be sanctioned as an offense, considering the monoculture as an aggravating circumstance.