Optimal Charging and Discharging Planning for Electric vehicles in Energy saving system

Abstract

The increases in fuel consumption, we are in need of Electric Vehicles (EV) supplied by Renewable Energy Sources (RES) like Solar Energy Resources (Photovoltaic system), Photovoltaic cell fixed in solar panels, it convert the sun energy directly into electric energy, the term "Solar Vehicle" usually implies that electricity then fuels the battery that runs the car's motor. Instead of using a battery, some solar cars direct the power straight to an electric motor. Solar cars can accomplish this through photovoltaic cells (PVC). PVCs are the components in solar paneling that convert the sun's energy to electricity. Solar panels installed on your roof work best during daylight hours. When the sun is shining directly onto them, sunlight can be converted into electricity. Your solar panel efficiency drops at night because there is no sunlight to convert to electricity and solar panels can't generate power in darkness.