Environmental health situation of three rural communities living in the immediate vicinity of Ebrié Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

Aubin Cyrille Toule, M. Koussémon, A. A. Adingra, Nadège Kouadio-N’gbesso
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Abstract

In order to update on the state of the environment, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in three rural areas (Layo, Ahua and N’djem) in the front of Ebrie lagoon, to identify risk behaviors threatening the stability of this lagoon and causing some recurrent diseases among the population. This study revealed a lack of systems for drinking water supply as well as wastewater and solid wastes management in the three villages. It was observed that 75.7% of the households used boreholes and 24.3% used wells as their main source of drinking water. Meanwhile 37.9% of households practiced open defecation. Traditional showers were used by 70.4% of households and 29.6% used the lagoon for their shower. The majority households (94.9%) disposed their wastewater into the environment. For the storage of solid wastes, 61.2% of households did so in nature and 38.8% in the lagoon. About 84.3% of households were bathing in the Ebrie lagoon while 75.9% defecating in it. Furthermore, 36.8% of the surveyed households used lagoon waters for many activities (bathing, washing clothes and dishes), while 59.4% considered that the lagoon was polluted. Up to 60.6% of households linked the pollution of lagoon to the occurrence of diseases. The most recurring diseases were dermatoses and water-borne illness like malaria, diarrhea and typhoid fever. Preventive measures such as the construction of adequate sanitation facilities and health education campaigns should be taken by the authorities to prevent the proliferation of these infectious diseases in the rural population in the future.
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居住在邻近ebri泻湖(Côte科特迪瓦)的三个农村社区的环境卫生状况
为了更新环境状况,在Ebrie泻湖前面的三个农村地区(Layo、Ahua和N 'djem)进行了一项横断面调查,以确定威胁该泻湖稳定并在人口中引起一些复发性疾病的危险行为。这项研究揭示了三个村庄缺乏饮用水供应系统以及废水和固体废物管理系统。75.7%的家庭以钻孔为主要饮用水源,24.3%的家庭以水井为主要饮用水源。同时,37.9%的家庭露天排便。70.4%的家庭使用传统淋浴,29.6%的家庭使用泻湖淋浴。大多数家庭(94.9%)将废水排入环境。61.2%的家庭在大自然中储存固体废物,38.8%的家庭在泻湖中储存。约84.3%的家庭在埃布里泻湖洗澡,75.9%的家庭在其中排便。此外,36.8%的被调查家庭使用泻湖水域进行许多活动(洗澡、洗衣服和洗碗),而59.4%的家庭认为泻湖受到污染。高达60.6%的家庭认为泻湖污染与疾病的发生有关。最常见的疾病是皮肤病和水传播疾病,如疟疾、腹泻和伤寒。当局应采取预防措施,如建设适当的卫生设施和开展健康教育运动,以防止今后这些传染病在农村人口中扩散。
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