Optimal sizing and allocation of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) for enhancement of Saudi Arabian interconnected grid using Genetic Algorithm (GA)

Abstract

Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) are extensively used recently for improvement of large interconnected power systems performance in smart grids. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is the most versatile FACTS device which achieves a full-control of all of the transmission system parameters. UPFC is used with state-of-the-art control algorithms to optimize the dynamic performance of long-distance, bulk-power interconnection lines (bottlenecks). In this paper, the UPFC is investigated for a real 380 kV, 400 km, double-circuit tie transmission line connecting the central and western networks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique is used for optimal sizing and optimal allocation of the UPFC for the real system. Furthermore, the impacts of the presence of the UPFC on the existing protection system are assessed and feasible solutions are presented to overcome these challenges. MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to formulate the problem and to determine the optimum parameters and location of the UPFC. Simulation results are presented, discussed, and finally recommendations are given for an improvement of the interconnection system performance in terms of voltage profile and stability margin.