Change of dentin surface by low-power irradiation of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser

A. Nakane, M. Otsuki, J. Tagami
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Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of low output power irradiation of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser on surface morphology, roughness, and microhardness of the root dentin. Materials and Methods: Flat root dentin surfaces were prepared from extracted human molars. The surfaces were irradiated by an Er:YAG laser at 10 pps, 30 mJ, sweeping at approximately 2 mm/s by hand. Irradiated power was changed by means of the distance between laser tip and surface kept at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 mm. No irradiated surface was employed as control. Those surfaces and crosscut surfaces were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specimens of irradiation distance at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm and control (no irradiation) were further prepared and then, surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness (Vickers hardness) were measured. Results: Ablation of dentin was observed at distance between 0-15 mm. At 20-30 mm, degenerated layer was observed without ablation. At 35 and 40 mm, ablation and degenerated layer were not found. Ra values of all experimental groups (0-40 mm) showed statistically higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). Among the experimental groups, 0 mm group showed statistically higher Ra values than the other groups (p < 0.05). For Vickers hardness, no significant difference was found all groups except 0 mm group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that specific low output power Er:YAG laser irradiation produced thin degenerated layer on the root dentin without ablation. This irradiated surfaces showed slight increase of roughness without decrease of microhardness. (Asian Pac J Dent 2019; 19: 33-37.)
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掺铒钇铝石榴石激光低功率照射牙本质表面的变化
目的:研究掺铒钇铝石榴石(Er:YAG)激光低输出功率照射对牙根本质表面形貌、粗糙度和显微硬度的影响。材料与方法:用拔除的人磨牙制备平根牙本质表面。用Er:YAG激光以10 pps, 30 mJ的速度照射表面,手扫速度约为2 mm/s。当激光尖端与表面的距离分别为0、5、10、15、20、25、30、35和40 mm时,辐照功率发生变化。无辐照面作为对照。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了这些表面和横切面。分别制备辐照距离为0、5、10、20、30、40 mm和对照(未辐照)的样品,测量表面粗糙度(Ra)和显微硬度(维氏硬度)。结果:牙本质在0 ~ 15mm范围内发生消融。在20 ~ 30 mm处,观察到退化层,但未消融。在35和40 mm处未见烧蚀和退变层。各试验组(0 ~ 40 mm) Ra值均高于对照组(p < 0.05)。各实验组中,0 mm组Ra值高于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。维氏硬度除0 mm组外,其余各组无显著差异(p < 0.05)。结论:低输出功率Er:YAG激光特定照射可使牙根本质产生薄退化层,且无烧蚀。辐照后的表面粗糙度略有增加,但显微硬度没有下降。(亚太杂志2019;19: 33-37。)
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